Nobel Prize Winners of 1955: Full List of Laureates and Their Achievements

Peace - The 1955 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for its work in assisting refugees and displaced persons around the world. The UNHCR's efforts to provide humanitarian aid, shelter, and resettlement opportunities for millions of people displaced by conflicts and natural disasters were recognized as a significant contribution to promoting peace and international cooperation.

Physics - The 1955 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Willis Eugene Lamb and Polykarp Kusch. Lamb's work on the fine structure of the hydrogen atom led to a more accurate understanding of atomic structure and the development of quantum electrodynamics. Kusch's precise measurements of the magnetic moment of the electron provided important insights into the behavior of subatomic particles.

Chemistry - The 1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Vincent du Vigneaud for his research on biochemically important sulfur-containing compounds, particularly for the first synthesis of the polypeptide hormone oxytocin. This achievement was a significant milestone in the understanding of the chemical structure of hormones and their role in biological processes.

Literature - The 1955 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Halldór Laxness for his vivid epic power and lyrical closeness to nature, with which he has interpreted the Icelandic people. Laxness was a renowned Icelandic novelist whose works, such as "Independent People" and "The Fish Can Sing," explored the themes of Icelandic culture, identity, and the human condition.

Physiology or Medicine - The 1955 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes. Theorell's work on the structure and function of enzymes involved in cellular respiration and energy production laid the foundation for a deeper understanding of metabolic processes in living organisms.

Who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1955?

Halldór Kiljan Laxness won the Nobel Prize in Literature Nobel Prize laureate for his vivid epic power which has renewed the great narrative art of Iceland.

What scientific breakthroughs were recognized by the Nobel Prizes in 1955?

Polykarp Kusch and Willis Eugene Lamb won the Nobel Prize in Physics PHY - German-american physicist and academic, nobel prize laureate (d. 1993). Vincent du Vigneaud won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry CHE - American biochemist and academic, nobel prize laureate (d. 1978).