Nobel Prize Winners of 1988: Full List of Laureates and Their Achievements
Nobel Prize Winners 1988: Discover the Laureates of 1988
Physiology or Medicine
George H. Hitchings for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment.
Gertrude B. Elion for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment.
Sir James W. Black for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment.
Chemistry
Hartmut Michel for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre.
Johann Deisenhofer for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre.
Robert Huber for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre.
Physics
Jack Steinberger for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino.
Leon M. Lederman for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino.
Melvin Schwartz for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino.
Economic Sciences
Maurice Allais for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources.
Literature
Naguib Mahfouz who, through works rich in nuance - now clear-sightedly realistic, now evocatively ambiguous - has formed an Arabian narrative art that applies to all mankind.
Peace
United Nations Peacekeeping Forces for preventing armed clashes and creating conditions for negotiations.
Memorable Moments and Contributions
Peace - The 1988 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the United Nations Peacekeeping Forces "for their efforts to secure peace in the world." The UN Peacekeeping Forces have played a crucial role in maintaining international peace and security, deploying personnel to conflict zones around the world to monitor ceasefires, protect civilians, and facilitate the political process.
Physics - The 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz, and Jack Steinberger "for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino." Their work led to a better understanding of the fundamental particles and forces in the universe.
Chemistry - The 1988 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, and Hartmut Michel "for the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre." Their groundbreaking research provided crucial insights into the molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis, which is a fundamental process in sustaining life on Earth.
Literature - The 1988 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Naguib Mahfouz "for works rich in nuance - now clear-sightedly realistic, now evocatively ambiguous." Mahfouz was a renowned Egyptian novelist who is widely regarded as one of the most influential writers in the Arab world, known for his masterful storytelling and insightful depictions of Egyptian society.
Economic Sciences - The 1988 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to Maurice Allais "for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources." Allais' work on the theory of markets and decision-making under uncertainty has had a significant impact on the field of economics, influencing the understanding of how individuals and businesses make decisions in the face of risk and uncertainty.
Physiology or Medicine - The 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Sir James W. Black, Gertrude B. Elion, and George H. Hitchings "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment." Their work led to the development of several life-saving drugs, including propranolol for heart disease and azathioprine for organ transplant rejection.
FAQ Section
Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1988?
United Nations Peacekeeping Forces won the Nobel Peace Prize Nobel Prize laureate for preventing armed clashes and creating conditions for negotiations.
Who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1988?
Naguib Mahfouz won the Nobel Prize in Literature LIT - Egyptian author, playwright, and screenwriter, nobel prize laureate (d. 2006).
Who won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1988?
Maurice Allais won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences ECO - French economist and physicist, nobel prize laureate (d. 2010).
What scientific breakthroughs were recognized by the Nobel Prizes in 1988?
Jack Steinberger, Leon M. Lederman and Melvin Schwartz won the Nobel Prize in Physics PHY - German-swiss physicist and academic, nobel prize laureate (d. 2020). Hartmut Michel, Johann Deisenhofer and Robert Huber won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry Che.
