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Major Events of November 1935: Key Historical Moments from the Month

Each month is marked by defining moments that shape the course of history. Whether through political shifts, cultural movements, or world-changing events, these periods leave a lasting impression. Dive into the most important events from November 1935 and discover how they influenced the world both then and now.

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Major Events of November 1935: Key Historical Moments from the Month

  • 01 Nov 1935 Assassination Attempt on Chinese Premier Wang Jingwei: On November 1st, 1935, Chinese Premier Wang Jingwei narrowly survived an assassination attempt in Nanjing. While preparing for a group photo with three other officials, he was targeted by an unknown assailant. The attacker was killed during the incident, though the precise circumstances of his death remain unclear - whether by suicide or by return fire from government bodyguards. This event highlighted the political tensions and instability in pre-World War II China.
  • 02 Nov 1935 Italian Invasion of Ethiopia: On November 2, 1935, Fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini launched a full-scale military invasion of Ethiopia (then known as Abyssinia), marking the beginning of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. This aggressive action was part of Italy's colonial ambitions in Africa and represented a significant moment of imperial expansion in the lead-up to World War II. The invasion demonstrated the international community's inability to prevent aggression, as the League of Nations proved ineffective in stopping Italy's military campaign. Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie appealed to the world for support, but Ethiopia was ultimately conquered by Italian forces in 1936, becoming part of Italian East Africa until its liberation in 1941.
  • 03 Nov 1935 Greek Monarchy Referendum: In a significant political referendum, 98% of Greek voters supported the restoration of the monarchy, marking a dramatic reversal eleven years after the country had previously voted to become a republic.
  • 05 Nov 1935 Maryland Court of Appeals Landmark Civil Rights Decision: The Maryland Court of Appeals orders the University of Maryland to admit Donald Murray, an African American student, marking a significant early legal victory in the fight against racial segregation in higher education.
  • 06 Nov 1935 Edwin Armstrong Presents FM Radio Technology: Edwin Armstrong presented groundbreaking research on frequency modulation (FM) radio at the Institute of Radio Engineers in New York, introducing a method to significantly reduce radio signal interference and improve audio quality.
  • 07 Nov 1935 Hitler's Olympic Non-Discrimination Assurance: In a diplomatic move, Adolf Hitler personally assured International Olympic Committee President Henri de Baillet-Latour that there would be no racial discrimination against athletes or visitors during the upcoming 1936 Berlin Olympics, despite the Nazi regime's well-documented racist policies.
  • 08 Nov 1935 Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO) Founded: A group of twelve labor leaders convened to establish the Congress for Industrial Organization (CIO), a pivotal organization dedicated to advancing industrial unionism and workers' rights in the United States.
  • 09 Nov 1935 Japanese Invasion of Shanghai: Japan launched a military invasion of Shanghai, China, escalating tensions in the region and marking another significant moment in the lead-up to the Second Sino-Japanese War. This event was part of Japan's broader imperial expansion and aggression in East Asia during the 1930s.
  • 10 Nov 1935 Birth of Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov: Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov, a renowned theoretical astrophysicist and cosmologist, was born in Moscow, USSR. Novikov would later become famous for his significant contributions to understanding black holes, cosmology, and theoretical physics, particularly his work on the Novikov-Hawking singularity theorem.
  • 11 Nov 1935 Ethiopian Victory Against Italian Forces in Ogaden: On November 11, 1935, the Ethiopian government reported a strategic victory over Italian forces in the Ogaden region, highlighting the ongoing resistance against Italian colonial aggression during the prelude to the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.
  • 12 Nov 1935 Nazi Germany Restricts Export of Critical Resources: Nazi Germany implemented a comprehensive export prohibition on essential food supplies and industrial raw materials, signaling the regime's growing economic isolationism and preparation for potential future conflicts. This strategic economic measure aimed to secure domestic resources and strengthen the nation's self-sufficiency in anticipation of potential international tensions.
  • 13 Nov 1935 Assassination of Sun Chuanfang: Shi Jianqiao, daughter of a military officer previously killed by Sun Chuanfang, executed a calculated revenge killing of the former Chinese warlord. This dramatic act of personal vengeance highlighted the complex and violent political landscape of early 20th-century China.
  • 14 Nov 1935 First Flight of the Supermarine Spitfire: On November 14, 1935, the iconic Supermarine Spitfire made its maiden flight. This British fighter aircraft would later become legendary for its crucial role in the Battle of Britain during World War II, symbolizing British resilience and technological innovation in aerial warfare.
  • 15 Nov 1935 Manuel L. Quezon Becomes Philippine President: Manuel L. Quezon was inaugurated as the second president of the Philippines, a pivotal moment in the country's political history during the Commonwealth period.
  • 16 Nov 1935 Jumbo Musical Broadway Premiere: On November 16, 1935, the groundbreaking musical 'Jumbo' premiered at the historic New York Hippodrome on Broadway. Featuring music and lyrics by the legendary duo Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart, the production was a significant cultural event in the American musical theater landscape. The musical, which likely centered around circus themes given its title, showcased the remarkable collaborative talents of Rodgers and Hart, who were pivotal in shaping the golden age of Broadway musicals.
  • 17 Nov 1935 Italian Military Leadership Change in East Africa: Pietro Badoglio replaced Emilio De Bono as commander of Italian forces in East Africa, signaling a potential strategic shift in Italy's colonial military operations during the mid-1930s.
  • 18 Nov 1935 League of Nations Sanctions Against Italy: The League of Nations imposed economic sanctions on Italy in response to its invasion and occupation of Ethiopia, marking a significant diplomatic attempt to discourage aggressive territorial expansion by a European power.
  • 19 Nov 1935 Anti-Semitic Unrest at University of Budapest: On November 19, 1935, the University of Budapest was temporarily closed following violent anti-Semitic riots on campus. The incident highlighted the growing tensions and discriminatory attitudes towards Jewish students in Hungary during the pre-World War II era, reflecting the broader rise of antisemitism in Central Europe during the 1930s.
  • 20 Nov 1935 Mussolini Mobilizes Troops for Economic Recovery: In response to international economic sanctions following Italy's invasion of Ethiopia, Mussolini strategically granted three months' leave to 100,000 troops on November 20, 1935. These soldiers were redirected to work in agricultural and industrial sectors, aiming to mitigate the economic impact of the sanctions and maintain national productivity during a period of international isolation.
  • 21 Nov 1935 Nazi Economic Discrimination Against Jews: A discriminatory decree by Reich Economics Minister Hjalmar Schacht took effect, systematically excluding Jews from membership in Germany's eight stock exchanges, representing an escalation of Nazi economic antisemitism.
  • 22 Nov 1935 China Clipper's Historic Transpacific Airmail Flight: The China Clipper, a pioneering flying boat, took off from Alameda, California, on a groundbreaking mission to deliver the first airmail cargo across the Pacific Ocean. The aircraft successfully reached Manila, delivering an impressive 110,000 pieces of mail, marking a significant milestone in international communication and aviation history.
  • 23 Nov 1935 Discovery of Sulfanilamide's Active Component: In a groundbreaking medical research breakthrough at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, scientists Jacques and Thérèse Tréfouël, Daniel Bovet, and Federico Nitti identified sulfanilamide as the active component of Prontosil, a significant advancement in understanding antibiotic mechanisms. Working in Ernest Fourneau's laboratory, they demonstrated how this compound could effectively combat streptococcal infections in experimental mouse and rabbit models.
  • 24 Nov 1935 King George II Returns to Greece: King George II returned to Greece after a 12-year exile, restoring the Greek monarchy and marking a pivotal moment in the nation's political landscape. His return signaled a complex period of political transition and potential restoration of royal governance in Greece.
  • 25 Nov 1935 Nazi Restrictions on Jewish Artists: Nazi Germany implemented a discriminatory policy forbidding Jewish artists from working under pseudonyms, further demonstrating the regime's systematic persecution of Jewish cultural professionals.
  • 26 Nov 1935 China Clipper Reaches Wake Island: The China Clipper, a pioneering Pan American Airways flying boat, successfully landed at Wake Island, marking a significant milestone in transpacific aviation. This event represented an important advancement in long-distance air travel and communication capabilities during the 1930s.
  • 28 Nov 1935 Nazi Germany Mobilizes Male Population: Adolf Hitler issued a decree declaring all German males between the ages of 18 and 45 as army reservists, signaling a significant expansion of military preparedness and a clear indication of Germany's increasing militarization in the lead-up to World War II.
  • 29 Nov 1935 First Transpacific Airmail Flight Completed: The China Clipper successfully completed a groundbreaking transpacific airmail flight, traveling approximately 8,000 miles from San Francisco to Manila and delivering over 110,000 pieces of mail. This historic journey represented a major milestone in international communication and aviation technology.
  • 30 Nov 1935 King Peter II Grants Amnesty in Yugoslavia: On the 17th anniversary of Yugoslavia's founding, King Peter II declared an amnesty for 1,200 political prisoners. This significant political gesture demonstrated a potential move towards reconciliation and political goodwill during a complex period in Yugoslav history.