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Major Events of July 1935: Key Historical Moments from the Month

Each month is marked by defining moments that shape the course of history. Whether through political shifts, cultural movements, or world-changing events, these periods leave a lasting impression. Dive into the most important events from July 1935 and discover how they influenced the world both then and now.

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Major Events of July 1935: Key Historical Moments from the Month

  • 01 Jul 1935 Regina Riot during On-to-Ottawa Trek: A violent confrontation between On-to-Ottawa Trek protesters and police in Regina, Saskatchewan, resulted in one officer's death, 45 injuries, and 130 arrests, marking the most significant riot in Canada during the Great Depression.
  • 02 Jul 1935 Switzerland Bans Nazi Newspapers: In a diplomatic response to Germany's censorship, Switzerland banned three Nazi-affiliated newspapers: *Der Stürmer*, *Der Allemanne*, and *Der Reichsdeutsche*, in retaliation for Germany's previous ban of the Swiss newspaper *Baseler Nachrichten*. This action highlighted the rising tensions in pre-World War II Europe.
  • 03 Jul 1935 Death of André Citroën, Automotive Pioneer: André Citroën, a renowned French automobile engineer and industrialist, passed away on July 3, 1935. He was a visionary who revolutionized automobile manufacturing and industrial production techniques. Citroën founded the Citroën automobile company in 1919 and was known for innovative mass production methods and groundbreaking car designs that significantly influenced the automotive industry in the early 20th century.
  • 04 Jul 1935 Ethiopia Appeals to United States Over Italian Aggression: In a diplomatic effort to prevent potential military conflict, Ethiopia formally requested the United States to investigate methods of persuading Italy to cease its aggressive actions and honor the Kellogg–Briand Pact, an international treaty aimed at renouncing war as an instrument of national policy. The Ethiopian government strategically sought to leverage American public opinion to generate international pressure against Italy's expansionist intentions, hoping to prevent an impending war through diplomatic channels and global condemnation.
  • 05 Jul 1935 National Labor Relations Act Signed: President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), a landmark piece of labor legislation that established workers' rights to organize, collectively bargain, and engage in strikes. The Act was a crucial component of the New Deal reforms aimed at protecting workers and regulating labor-management relations.
  • 06 Jul 1935 National Labor Relations Act Signed: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the National Labor Relations Act, a pivotal piece of New Deal legislation that guaranteed private sector employees the right to organize into trade unions, significantly transforming labor rights in the United States.
  • 07 Jul 1935 Changde Flood of 1935: The Chinese city of Changde experienced a catastrophic flood when dikes on the Yuan River collapsed, submerging the city under ten-foot deep water. The sudden breach caused significant damage to infrastructure and likely resulted in substantial loss of life and property.
  • 08 Jul 1935 Nazi Racial Discrimination in Education: The Reich Ministry of Education implemented a discriminatory policy requiring students to prove 'Aryan descent' as a prerequisite for university admission, a stark example of the Nazi regime's racist ideology.
  • 09 Jul 1935 Mercedes Sosa Birth: Mercedes Sosa, an iconic Argentine folk singer known as the 'Voice of Latin America', was born in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, who would later become a significant cultural figure in Latin American music.
  • 10 Jul 1935 Bell Helicopter Company Founded: On July 10, 1935, the Bell Helicopter Company was established, marking a significant milestone in the aerospace and aviation industry. This pioneering company would go on to become a major manufacturer of rotorcraft and vertical lift aircraft, playing a crucial role in military and civilian aviation development throughout the 20th century.
  • 11 Jul 1935 Birth of Oliver Napier, Northern Irish Political Leader: Oliver Napier, a prominent Northern Irish lawyer and political figure, was born on July 11, 1935. As a key political leader, Napier played an important role in the complex political landscape of Northern Ireland during a challenging period of the 20th century. He was known for his legal expertise and political activism.
  • 12 Jul 1935 Violent Sectarian Clashes in Belfast: A tragic day of sectarian violence erupted in Belfast, where seven individuals were killed during intense clashes between members of the Orange Order and Irish nationalists. These confrontations highlighted the deep-rooted religious and political tensions in Northern Ireland during the 1930s.
  • 13 Jul 1935 US-Soviet Commerce Treaty Takes Effect: A significant economic agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union went into effect, marking an important moment of diplomatic and economic cooperation during the interwar period.
  • 14 Jul 1935 French Popular Front Formation Against Fascism: On Bastille Day, France's leftist political parties—including the Socialists, Communists, and Radical Socialists—formed a historic alliance known as the Popular Front. This strategic coalition was specifically designed to counter the growing threat of fascist movements in France and across Europe, reflecting the intense political tensions of the mid-1930s.
  • 15 Jul 1935 Nazi Anti-Semitic Violence in Berlin: On July 15, 1935, Nazi supporters launched a violent attack targeting Jewish citizens along the Kurfürstendamm, a prominent boulevard in Berlin. This incident was part of the escalating systematic persecution of Jews in Nazi Germany, reflecting the growing antisemitic sentiment and state-sponsored discrimination during the early years of the Third Reich.
  • 16 Jul 1935 First Automatic Parking Meter in the United States: On July 16, 1935, Oklahoma City became the pioneering location for parking meter technology in the United States. The first automatic parking meter was installed, revolutionizing urban parking management and introducing a systematic approach to regulating street parking spaces. This innovation by Carl C. Magee marked a significant moment in urban infrastructure and municipal revenue generation.
  • 17 Jul 1935 Death of Last Known Atlantic Slave Trade Survivor: Cudjoe Lewis, the last known adult survivor of the Atlantic slave trade, passes away in Mobile, Alabama. Lewis was forcibly transported to the United States aboard the Clotilda ship 75 years earlier, representing a profound and tragic chapter in American history of slavery and human trafficking.
  • 18 Jul 1935 Emperor Haile Selassie's War Preparedness Speech: Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie delivered a powerful and prophetic speech to the Ethiopian parliament, warning of potential Italian aggression and calling for national unity. He eloquently articulated Ethiopia's determination to defend its independence, acknowledging the technological disadvantages while emphasizing the strength of a united people. His speech foreshadowed the impending Italian invasion and highlighted Ethiopia's commitment to peaceful resolution while preparing for potential conflict.
  • 19 Jul 1935 Nazi Police Appointment: Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf was appointed as Berlin's chief of police, a significant position within the Nazi regime's growing apparatus of control. As a high-ranking Nazi official, Helldorf would play a crucial role in implementing the regime's oppressive policies and suppressing political opposition.
  • 20 Jul 1935 Fatal Royal Dutch Airlines Mountain Crash: A Royal Dutch Airlines passenger plane crashed into a Swiss mountain while traveling from Milan to Frankfurt, resulting in the tragic loss of thirteen lives and highlighting the early challenges of commercial aviation safety.
  • 21 Jul 1935 Discovery of Asteroid 1358 Gaika: On July 21, 1935, astronomer C. Jackson made a significant astronomical discovery by identifying and documenting asteroid #1358 Gaika. This discovery contributed to the expanding knowledge of celestial bodies in our solar system during the early 20th century.
  • 22 Jul 1935 Nazi Suppression of Religious Youth Groups: Wilhelm Frick, a prominent Nazi official, issued a decree ordering German state governments to suppress religious youth groups, further demonstrating the Nazi regime's efforts to control and marginalize religious organizations.
  • 23 Jul 1935 Nazi Suppression of Catholic Veterans League: On July 23, 1935, Hermann Göring, a prominent Nazi leader, ordered the dissolution of the Catholic War Veteran's League of Prussia. This action was part of the Nazi regime's systematic suppression of independent organizations and consolidation of political control.
  • 24 Jul 1935 Dust Bowl Heat Wave Peak: The Dust Bowl heat wave reached its most intense point, with extreme temperatures scorching the Midwestern United States. Chicago experienced temperatures of 109°F (44°C), while Milwaukee recorded 104°F (40°C), highlighting the severe climatic conditions of the 1930s.
  • 25 Jul 1935 Comintern Congress: The seventh and final congress of the Communist International (Comintern) is held, marking a significant moment in the international communist movement's history.
  • 26 Jul 1935 Communist Protesters Defy Nazi Symbol in New York Harbor: In a bold political protest, hundreds of communist demonstrators stormed the SS Bremen at New York Harbor, dramatically removing the Nazi swastika flag from the ship's foremast and throwing it into the Hudson River. This action symbolized strong anti-Nazi sentiment and resistance to fascist symbolism in the United States during the rise of Nazi Germany.
  • 27 Jul 1935 Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Maiden Flight: The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, a four-engine heavy bomber that would become iconic in World War II, completed its first flight. This aircraft would later play a crucial role in the Allied strategic bombing campaign in Europe, becoming one of the most significant military aircraft of the 20th century.
  • 28 Jul 1935 Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress First Flight: The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, a legendary four-engine heavy bomber that would become iconic during World War II, completed its maiden flight. This aircraft would later play a crucial role in strategic bombing campaigns and become a symbol of American aerial military power.
  • 30 Jul 1935 Penguin Books Launches Paperback Revolution: On July 30, 1935, Penguin Books was founded by Allen Lane, introducing affordable, high-quality paperback books that would democratize reading and transform the publishing industry. By selling paperbacks at the price of a pack of cigarettes (around 6 pence), Lane made literature accessible to a much broader audience, challenging the traditional expensive hardcover book market.
  • 31 Jul 1935 Third Dutch Government of Colijn Established: Hendrik Colijn was sworn in as the Prime Minister of the Netherlands, leading his third government administration. Colijn, a prominent conservative politician, was known for his leadership during the interwar period and his efforts to navigate the complex political landscape of the 1930s.