Your place in the Universe on 1919
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Set on the cusp of the roaring 1920s, this year saw the US led by Woodrow Wilson and the beginning of World War One reparations.
With a global population of only 1.9 billion, the world happened to be a much smaller place than most modern people can imagine. For the newborns helping that number rise, the most popular names were John and Mary.
Famous people born in this flood of infants were JD Salinger, Jackie Robinson, Eva Peron, Liberace, Sr Edmund Hillary, and Pierre Trudeau. Sadly, as the circle of life demands, this year saw the end of some greats: Teddy Roosevelt, Frank Baum, Henry Heinz, and Pierre Renoir.
These 12 months marked the beginnings of the League of Nations, gasoline taxes, skydiving, and the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. This was a time where movies still came in only three colors: black, white, and grey. On those old-timey screens, people flooded to see Broken Blossoms, Different from the Others, and True Heart Susie. The most common additions to people’s bookshelves were Wineburg, Demian, The Moon and the Sixpence, and Anne’s House of Dreams. Read on to find out more about how these 12 months forever changed the world.
Let’s start with some notable things first seen in 1919. The first gasoline tax was ratified in Oregon. The first airmail delivery was made and the first parachute jump completed. In terms of women, these 365 days also saw the Democratic National Committee welcome its first female member, first US distinguished service medal ever awarded to a woman, and the first female bar students admitted to London’s Lincoln Inn.
Things were not all sunshine and roses. Tragedy struck Boston as over 2 million gallons of molasses flooded crowded streets on January 15th. While some parts of the world were drawn closer together by the formation of the League of Nations, others were drawn apart as Turkey began its fight for independence and Lithuania declared itself an independent state. In terms of inventions, this year also saw the first arc welder and the initial prototype of the pop-up toaster.
Whether you like adding some crunch to your breakfast platter, or have ever needed a package sent via next-day air, you owe a round of applause to 1919.
Discover how the world looked like in 1919
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Nobel Prizes
All Nobel Prize winners of 1919
Peace Prize
- Woodrow Wilson
Literature
- Carl Spitteler
Physics
- Johannes Stark
Physiology or Medicine
- Jules Bordet
Music charts
Which were the top hits of 1919?
Top #1 songs in the USA
- Henry Burr - Oh! What a Pal was Mary
- Nora Bayes - How Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm
- John McCormack - When You Look in the Heart of a Rose
- Columbia Saxophone Sextette - Chong
- Al Jolson - Tell That to the Marines
- Prince's Orchestra - Yearning
- Charles Harrison - Dreaming of Home, Sweet Home
- Joseph C. Smith's Orchestra - Mary
- Arthur Fields - How Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm (After They've Seen Paree)
- Vernon Dalhart & Gladys Rice - Till We Meet Again
Movies
Which were the most popular Movies released in those months?
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Spring Fever
Release year: 1919
Directed by: Edward Sedgwick
Male and Female
Release year: 1919
Directed by: Cecil B. DeMille
Starring: Thomas Meighan, Theodore Roberts, Raymond Hatton, Robert Cain
Country: United States of America
True Heart Susie
Release year: 1919
Directed by: D.W. Griffith
Starring: Lillian Gish, Robert Harron, Wilbur Higby, Loyola O'Connor
Country: United States of America
The Mother and the Law
Release year: 1919
Directed by: D.W. Griffith
Starring: Mae Marsh, Robert Harron, Miriam Cooper, Vera Lewis
Country: United States of America
The Red Lantern
Release year: 1919
Directed by: Albert Capellani
Starring: Alla Nazimova, Noah Beery, Charles Bryant, Edward Connelly
1919 Chinese Zodiac and Horoscope
According to the Chinese Zodiac and Astrology 1919 is the year of the Goat
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 1919?
Events
- 01 Jan 1919 Belorussian SSR established.
- 02 Jan 1919 Anti-British uprising in Ireland.
- 05 Jan 1919 Spartacus uprising in Berlin: state of siege
- 06 Jan 1919 Tragic week (Argentina)
- 07 Jan 1919 Montenegrin guerrilla fighters rebel against the planned annexation of Montenegro by Serbia, but fail.
- 09 Jan 1919 Friedrich Ebert orders the Freikorps into action in Berlin.
- 10 Jan 1919 January 12 ampndash The Freikorps attacks Spartacist supporters around Berlin, Germany.
- 11 Jan 1919 Romania annexes Transylvania.
- 13 Jan 1919 Dutch Soccer team OSV forms.
- 14 Jan 1919 John McGraw, Charles A Stoneham, and Judge McQuade buy New York Giants.
- 15 Jan 1919 2 million gallons of molasses flood Boston MA, drowning 21
- 16 Jan 1919 Prohibition ratified by 3 / 4 of states; Nebraska is 36th
- 18 Jan 1919 Bentley Motors Limited is founded.
- 21 Jan 1919 Sinn Fein proclaims parliament of Free Ireland.
- 22 Jan 1919 Act Zluky is signed, unifying the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian National Republic.
- 23 Jan 1919 The Uprising of Khotin breaks out in Khotyn, Ukraine.
- 25 Jan 1919 Founding of League of Nations, first meeting one year later.
- 29 Jan 1919 Secretary of state proclaims the 18th amendment (prohibition).
- 31 Jan 1919 The Battle of George Square takes place in Glasgow, Scotland.
- 02 Feb 1919 Monarchist riot in Portugal.
- 03 Feb 1919 Socialist conference convenes (Berne Switzerland).
- 04 Feb 1919 Congress authorizes the Navy Cross.
- 05 Feb 1919 Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, and D.W. Griffith launch United Artists film studio in the USA.
- 06 Feb 1919 The Seattle General Strike begins. Over 65,000 workers strike.
- 11 Feb 1919 Friedrich Ebert (SPD), is elected President of Germany.
- 14 Feb 1919 United Parcel Service forms.
- 15 Feb 1919 American Legion organizes in Paris.
- 18 Feb 1919 Cy Denneny of NHL Ottawa Senators scores record 52nd goals.
- 19 Feb 1919 Pan-African Congress, organized by W E B Du Bois (Paris).
- 20 Feb 1919 French premier Clemenceau injured during assassination attempt.
- 21 Feb 1919 German National Meeting accepts Anschluss incorporation of Austria.
- 23 Feb 1919 Fascist Party forms in Italy by Benito Mussolini
- 25 Feb 1919 Oregon is first state to tax gasoline (1 cent per gallon).
- 26 Feb 1919 Acadia National Park established (as Lafayette National Park), Maine.
- 27 Feb 1919 American Association for the Hard of Hearing formed (New York City, New York).
- 28 Feb 1919 Amanullah Khan becomes King of Afghanistan.
- 01 Mar 1919 Demonstrations for Korean independence from Japan begin.
- 02 Mar 1919 The first Communist International meets in Moscow.
- 03 Mar 1919 1st international air mail service from US, Seattle-Victoria, BC
- 04 Mar 1919 Communist International (“Comintern”) founded.
- 05 Mar 1919 A. Mitchell Palmer becomes Attorney General of the United States through recess appointment.
- 06 Mar 1919 NHL Championship: Montreal Canadiens beat Ottawa Senators, three games to one with one tie.
- 09 Mar 1919 The Egyptian Revolution of 1919 breaks out.
- 11 Mar 1919 General strike in Germany, crushed.
- 12 Mar 1919 Austrian National Meeting affirms Anschluss (incorporate into Germany).
- 15 Mar 1919 American Legion forms (Paris France).
- 17 Mar 1919 Dutch steel workers strike for 8 hour day and minimum wages.
- 18 Mar 1919 Order of DeMolay is established in Kansas City.
- 21 Mar 1919 The Hungarian Soviet Republic is established becoming the first Communist government to be formed in Europe after the October Revolution in Russia.
- 23 Mar 1919 Bashkir ASSR, in RSFSR, constituted.
- 29 Mar 1919 Stanley Cup: MontrTal (NHL) and Seattle (PCHA) win two games each with one tie; 1919 Stanley Cup not awarded due to flu epidemic.
- 31 Mar 1919 Strike against Ruhrgebied government of Scheidemann.
- 03 Apr 1919 Austria expels all Habsburgers.
- 05 Apr 1919 Heavyweight Jess Willard knocks out Jack Johnson in Havana.
- 06 Apr 1919 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi orders a general strike.
- 10 Apr 1919 Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead by government forces in Morelos.
- 11 Apr 1919 The International Labour Organization is founded.
- 12 Apr 1919 British Parliament passes a 48-hour work week with minimum wages.
- 13 Apr 1919 British forces kill 100s of Indian Nationalists
- 14 Apr 1919 The Emperor of Austria moves to exile in Switzerland.
- 15 Apr 1919 Save the Children Fund set up in the UK to raise money for the relief of German and Austrian children.
- 16 Apr 1919 Polish : Soviet War: The Polish army launches the Vilna offensive to capture Vilnius in modern Lithuania.
- 19 Apr 1919 Opera Monsieur Beaucaire is produced
- 20 Apr 1919 Polish Army captures Vilno, Lithuania from Soviet Army.
- 21 Apr 1919 The US Victory Liberty Loan offers $4.5 billion in bonds.
- 23 Apr 1919 Major leagues open a reduced 140-game season.
- 30 Apr 1919 Several bombs are intercepted in the first wave of the 1919 United States anarchist bombings.
- 01 May 1919 Mount Kelud (Indonesia) erupts, boiling crater lake which broke through crater wall killing 5,000 people in 104 small villages.
- 03 May 1919 Afghanistan Emir Amanoellah begins war against Great Britain.
- 04 May 1919 Giants play their 1st legal Sunday home game, 35,000 see Phils win 4-3
- 05 May 1919 The League of Red Cross Societies is founded in Paris.
- 06 May 1919 Paris Peace Conference disposes of German colonies; German East Africa is assigned to Britain and France, German Southwest Africa to South Africa.
- 08 May 1919 Appingedam soccer team forms.
- 09 May 1919 In Belgium, a new electoral law introduces universal manhood suffrage and gives the franchise to certain classes of women.
- 10 May 1919 45th Kentucky Derby: Johnny Loftus aboard Sir Barton wins in 2:09.8.
- 14 May 1919 Pope Benedictus XV publishes encyclical In hac tanta.
- 15 May 1919 Brooklyn Dodgers score ten runs in 13th to beat Cincinnati Reds 10-0.
- 17 May 1919 The British War Department orders use of National Star Insignia on all airplanes.
- 19 May 1919 Mustafa Kemal Ataturk lands at Samsun on the Anatolian Black Sea coast, initiating what is later termed the Turkish War of Independence.
- 20 May 1919 Volcano Keluit on Java, erupts killing 550.
- 23 May 1919 The University of California opens its second campus in Los Angeles. Initially called Southern Branch of the University of California (SBUC), it is eventually renamed the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
- 25 May 1919 Casey Stengel releases a sparrow from under his baseball cap.
- 27 May 1919 1st transatlantic flight ends; US Navy flying boat takes 11 days
- 29 May 1919 Einstein's theory of general relativity is tested (later confirmed) by Arthur Eddington's observation of a total solar eclipse in Principe and by Andrew Crommelin in Sobral, Ceara, Brazil.
- 30 May 1919 By agreement with the United Kingdom, later confirmed by the League of Nations, Belgium is given the mandate over part of German East Africa (Ruanda-Urundi).
- 31 May 1919 NC-4 aircraft commanded by AC Read completes 1st crossing of Atlantic
- 01 Jun 1919 Rhineland Republic forms in Wiesbaden
- 02 Jun 1919 Pulitzer prize awarded to Carl Sandburg (Cornhuskers)
- 03 Jun 1919 Liberty Life Insurance Company (Chicago) organized by blacks.
- 04 Jun 1919 US marines invade Costa Rica.
- 06 Jun 1919 Assent is given to an Act to amend the Canadian Currency Act, 1910
- 09 Jun 1919 General steel strike in France
- 11 Jun 1919 23rd US Golf Open: Walter Hagen shoots a 301 at Brae Burn Country Club - Massachusetts
- 12 Jun 1919 Dutch 2nd Chamber accord for equal Christian-public education
- 14 Jun 1919 John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart St. John's, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.
- 15 Jun 1919 1st nonstop Atlantic flight (Alcock & Brown) lands in Ireland
- 17 Jun 1919 British Police Sergeant Thomas Green killed during the Epsom Riot by Canadian troops
- 20 Jun 1919 German government of Scheideman resigns
- 21 Jun 1919 Bauer forms German government
- 23 Jun 1919 Nitti government forms in Italy
- 25 Jun 1919 Revolt of Spartacus in Hamburg
- 26 Jun 1919 New York Daily News begins publishing
- 28 Jun 1919 Carl Mazes pitches a complete double-header against New York Yankees.
- 01 Jul 1919 1st class postage drops from 3 cents to 2 cents
- 02 Jul 1919 Syrian National Congress in Damascus. Arab nationalist announce independence.
- 04 Jul 1919 ADGB (Allgemeine Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund) party forms
- 05 Jul 1919 32nd Wimbledon Womens Tennis: S Lenglen beats Chambers
- 06 Jul 1919 British R-34 lands in NY, 1st airship to cross Atlantic
- 07 Jul 1919 Phillies tie major league record of 8 steals in 9 inn game
- 08 Jul 1919 President Wilson returns to New York City from Versailles Peace Conference.
- 10 Jul 1919 Dutch 1st Chamber approves woman suffrage
- 11 Jul 1919 Dutch 2nd chamber approves 8-hour day / No Sunday work
- 13 Jul 1919 Chicago White Sox pitcher Carl Mays walks off mound blaming teammates for lack of support afield
- 17 Jul 1919 Finland adopts constitution
- 19 Jul 1919 Following Peace Day celebrations marking the end of World War I, ex-servicemen riot and burn down Luton Town Hall.
- 21 Jul 1919 Dirigible crashes through bank skylight killing 13 (Chicago, Ill).
- 24 Jul 1919 Race Riot in Washington DC (6 killed, 100 wounded).
- 27 Jul 1919 Chicago race riot (15 whites and 23 blacks killed, 500 injured).
- 28 Jul 1919 Vrije Vakbewegings Internationale (VVI) forms in Amsterdam
- 31 Jul 1919 Germany accepts Weimar Constitution
- 01 Aug 1919 Queen Wilhelmina opens 1st Air Fair in Amsterdam
- 03 Aug 1919 Romanian army liberates Timișoara from the Hungarian occupation.
- 04 Aug 1919 Romanian army occupies Budapest.
- 06 Aug 1919 Romanian forces destroys Bela Kun Republic in Budapest
- 10 Aug 1919 Ukrainian National Army massacres 25 Jews in Podolia Ukraine
- 11 Aug 1919 Weimar Republic begins in Germany
- 13 Aug 1919 British troops fire on Amritsar India demonstrators; killing 350
- 14 Aug 1919 White Sox Happy Felsch ties record of 4 outfield assists in a game
- 16 Aug 1919 August 26 ampndash First Silesian Uprising: The Poles in Upper Silesia rise against the Germans.
- 18 Aug 1919 Anti-Cigarette League of America forms in Chicago Illinois
- 19 Aug 1919 Afghanistan gains full independence from the United Kingdom.
- 20 Aug 1919 Wichita outfielder Joe Wilhoit (Western League) fails to get a hit, ending a 69-game streak
- 24 Aug 1919 Cleveland pitcher Ray Caldwell is flattened by a bolt of lightning
- 28 Aug 1919 General John Smuts becomes Premier of South Africa
- 31 Aug 1919 John Reed forms American Communist Labor Party in Chicago
- 02 Sep 1919 Italy agress to general voting right / proportional representation
- 04 Sep 1919 39th US Mens Tennis: William M Johnston beats Wm T Tilden (64 64 63)
- 06 Sep 1919 The U.S. Army expedition across America, which started July 7, ends in San Francisco.
- 10 Sep 1919 New York City welcomes home General John J Pershing and 25,000 WW I soldiers.
- 11 Sep 1919 U.S. Marines invade Honduras.
- 12 Sep 1919 Adolf Hitler joins the German Workers Party.
- 16 Sep 1919 Dutch Ruether beats Giants 4-3 to clinch Cincinnati 1st NL pennant
- 18 Sep 1919 Dutch 2nd Chamber accepts female suffrage
- 20 Sep 1919 2nd PGA Championship: Jim Barnes at Engineers Country Club - Roslyn, New York
- 21 Sep 1919 33rd US Womens Tennis: Hazel H Wightman beats M Zinderstein
- 22 Sep 1919 The steel strike of 1919, led by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, begins in Pennsylvania before spreading across the United States.
- 24 Sep 1919 Babe Ruth sets season homer mark at age 28 off of New York Yankees player Bob Shawkey.
- 25 Sep 1919 President Wilson becomes seriously ill and collapses after a speech.
- 26 Sep 1919 US President Wilson hit by a heart attack
- 27 Sep 1919 British troops withdraw from Archangelsk
- 28 Sep 1919 Fastest major league game (51 mins), New York Giants beat Philadelphia Phillies 6-1.
- 01 Oct 1919 World Series #16 begins as a best of 9 affair, Chicago White Sox intentionally throw this series to satisfy gamblers (The Black Sox Scandal).
- 02 Oct 1919 U.S. President Woodrow Wilson suffers a massive stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed.
- 03 Oct 1919 Reds Adolfo Luque is 1st Latin player to appear in a World Series
- 05 Oct 1919 Norwegian population agrees to prohibition
- 06 Oct 1919 Stambuliski becomes Premier of Bulgaria
- 07 Oct 1919 KLM, Netherlands Airlines, established (oldest existing airline)
- 10 Oct 1919 Richard Strauss and Hugo van Hofmannsthals premieres in Vienna
- 13 Oct 1919 Race riot at Elaine Arkansas.
- 17 Oct 1919 Radio Corporation of America (RCA) created.
- 26 Oct 1919 B C Hilliams musical Buddies, premieres in New York City
- 27 Oct 1919 US Congress sign Volstead Act
- 28 Oct 1919 The U.S. Congress passes the Volstead Act over President Woodrow Wilson's veto, paving the way for Prohibition to begin the following January.
- 30 Oct 1919 Baseball league presidents call for abolishment of the spitball.
- 01 Nov 1919 The Coal Strike of 1919 begins. The United Mine Workers under John L. Lewis announce a strike for November 1, 1919. Final agreement comes on December 10.
- 07 Nov 1919 US police raid offices of Union of Russian Workers
- 09 Nov 1919 Felix the Cat appears in Feline Follies, marking the first cartoon character to become popular.
- 11 Nov 1919 Pope Benedictus XV states Roman Catholics political / business views
- 12 Nov 1919 Ross and Keith Smith start a 1 month flight from London to Australia
- 14 Nov 1919 Red Army captures Omsk, Siberia
- 16 Nov 1919 After Entente pressure Romanian forces withdraw from Budapest and let Admiral Horthy to march in.
- 19 Nov 1919 US Senate rejects (55-39) Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations.
- 22 Nov 1919 15,000 men are cremated at Domela Newenhouse, Amsterdam
- 27 Nov 1919 Peace of Neuilly-sur-Seine: Allies and Bulgaria
- 28 Nov 1919 US-born Lady Astor elected first female member of British Parliament.
- 30 Nov 1919 Health officials declare that the global Spanish Flu pandemic has ended.
- 01 Dec 1919 Lady Nancy Astor sworn-in as first female member of British Parliament.
- 05 Dec 1919 The Turkish Ministry of War releases Greeks, Armenians and Jews from military service.
- 10 Dec 1919 Nobel peace prize awarded to US President Wilson
- 11 Dec 1919 Boll weevil monument dedicated in Enterprise, Ala
- 13 Dec 1919 Ross and Smith land in Australia from a flight from London.
- 17 Dec 1919 Austria parliament approves 8-hour day.
- 19 Dec 1919 American Meteorological Society found.
- 20 Dec 1919 US House of Representatives restricts immigration.
- 21 Dec 1919 J Edgar Hoover deports anarchists / feminist Emma Goldman to Russia
- 22 Dec 1919 Government of Ireland Act of Power (Home Rule for Ireland).
- 23 Dec 1919 Alice H Parker patents gas heating furnace.
- 25 Dec 1919 Cliftonhill Stadium in Coatbridge opens (the home of the Albion Rovers F.C.) They lose the match 2–0 to St. Mirren.
- 26 Dec 1919 Babe Ruth of the Boston Red Sox is sold to the New York Yankees by owner Harry Frazee.
- 30 Dec 1919 Lincoln's Inn in London admits its first female bar student.