Historical Events on July 12: Significant Moments in History

Throughout history, certain dates stand out for the remarkable events that unfolded on them. From turning points in politics to cultural breakthroughs, these days often carry significance that echoes through time. Explore the most important events that occurred on July 12, revealing the lasting impact they've had on the world.

Events on July 12 - Key Moments Throughout History

1900 McKinley's Presidential Re-Nomination: On July 12, 1900, while vacationing in Canton, Ohio, U.S. President William McKinley was formally notified of his re-nomination. In his response speech, he notably avoided discussing the controversial issue of Trusts, showcasing his political acumen.
1901 Cy Young Achieves Historic 300th Win: On July 12, 1901, legendary baseball pitcher Cy Young reached a monumental milestone by winning his 300th professional baseball game. This achievement solidified his status as one of the most dominant pitchers of the early baseball era, setting a precedent for future generations of players. Young's remarkable consistency and longevity in the sport would later inspire the creation of the Cy Young Award, which annually honors the best pitchers in Major League Baseball.
1902 Australian Parliament Grants Women's Suffrage: In a landmark decision, the Australian Parliament voted to grant women the right to vote, marking a significant milestone in the country's democratic progression and women's political rights.
1903 Birth of O. E. Hasse, German Film Pioneer: Otto Ernst Hasse, a prominent German film actor and director, was born on July 12, 1903, in Obersitzko, a town in the German Empire. Throughout his career, Hasse would become a significant figure in early 20th-century German cinema, contributing to the development of the film industry during a transformative period of artistic and technological innovation.
1904 Birth of Pablo Neruda: Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto, better known by his pen name Pablo Neruda, was born in Parral, Chile. He would go on to become one of the most influential and celebrated poets of the 20th century, renowned for his passionate love poems, political activism, and powerful literary works that explored themes of love, social justice, and human experience. Neruda was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971 for his extraordinary poetry that embodied the hopes and struggles of Latin American people.
1905 University of Sheffield Officially Inaugurated: On July 12, 1905, King Edward VII formally opened the University of Sheffield, marking a significant milestone in the educational landscape of the United Kingdom. The ceremony symbolized the growing importance of higher education and scientific research during the early 20th century. Located in South Yorkshire, the university was established to provide advanced learning and contribute to the industrial and intellectual development of the region.
1906 Alfred Dreyfus Exoneration and Army Reinstatement: On July 12, 1906, Alfred Dreyfus was officially exonerated by the French Court of Appeals, bringing a dramatic conclusion to one of the most significant political and judicial scandals in French history. Following his exoneration, Dreyfus was reinstated into the French Army on July 21, 1906, effectively ending the infamous Dreyfus Affair that had deeply divided French society for over a decade.
1907 Uneventful Day in 1907: While no significant historical events were documented for July 12, 1907, this does not necessarily mean nothing of importance occurred. Many days in history pass without major recorded incidents, representing the routine nature of daily life during the early 20th century.
1908 New York to Paris Automobile Race: In a remarkable demonstration of early automotive technology and human ambition, six pioneering automobiles embarked on an unprecedented 20,000-mile transcontinental race from New York City to Paris. This audacious journey challenged the limits of early motor vehicles and highlighted the emerging potential of automotive transportation across diverse terrains.
1909 16th Amendment Approved for Income Tax: The U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution sending the proposed Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution to the states for ratification, granting the federal government the power to levy income taxes. This landmark decision was approved by an overwhelming margin of 317-14, fundamentally transforming the U.S. tax system.
1910 Record-Breaking Rainfall in Cherrapunji, India: Cherrapunji, located in the northeastern state of Meghalaya, India, experienced an extraordinary meteorological event with the heaviest recorded rainfall in 24 hours, measuring an unprecedented 838 millimeters (33.0 inches). This extreme precipitation event highlighted the region's reputation as one of the wettest places on Earth.
1911 Ty Cobb's Remarkable Triple Steal: On July 12, 1911, Ty Cobb, the legendary Detroit Tigers player, achieved a remarkable feat in baseball history by successfully stealing second base, third base, and home plate in a single game. This extraordinary display of base-running skill demonstrated Cobb's exceptional speed, strategic thinking, and athletic prowess, further cementing his reputation as one of the most dynamic players of the early 20th century.
1912 Mexican Rebels Threaten American Mormon Colonists: Mexican rebels entered Colonia Diaz, one of the American Mormon colonies in Mexico, and issued an ultimatum giving American colonists 24 hours to evacuate the area, highlighting the volatile political tensions during the Mexican Revolution.
1913 Romania Declares War on Bulgaria: Romania officially declared war on Bulgaria, entering the Second Balkan War and further complicating the complex geopolitical landscape of southeastern Europe in 1913.
1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand's State Funeral: A formal state funeral is held in Vienna for Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, attended by Emperor Franz Joseph and the imperial family, just weeks before the assassination that would trigger World War I.
1915 Battle of Achi Baba Nullah during Gallipoli Campaign: On July 12, 1915, a significant engagement occurred during the Gallipoli Campaign where 7,500 soldiers from the British 52nd Division's 155th and 157th Brigades launched an attack along the strategically important Achi Baba Nullah, also known as 'Bloody Valley' on the Gallipoli peninsula. The assault was characterized by heavy casualties and minimal territorial gains. The attacking British and French forces suffered approximately 3,900 total casualties, while the Ottoman defenders incurred around 9,000 casualties and captured 600 prisoners. The battle highlighted the brutal and costly nature of trench warfare during World War I.
1916 Battle of Albert: British Capture Mametz Wood: During the Battle of the Somme in World War I, British forces successfully captured Mametz Wood in northern France, a strategically important woodland area. The victory came at a significant human cost, with approximately 4,000 British soldiers killed or wounded during the intense fighting. The battle was part of the larger Somme Offensive, one of the bloodiest engagements of the First World War, which saw massive casualties on both sides.
1917 Bisbee Deportation: Labor Rights Violation: On July 12, 1917, a significant labor rights violation occurred in Bisbee, Arizona, where vigilantes forcibly kidnapped and deported nearly 1,300 striking miners and labor activists. Local mining companies, including Phelps Dodge Corporation, collaborated with a local posse to remove suspected Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) members from the area at gunpoint, effectively exiling workers who were demanding better working conditions.
1918 Pablo Picasso's Marriage to Olga Khokhlova: On July 12, 1918, renowned artist Pablo Picasso married Ukrainian ballet dancer Olga Khokhlova in Paris. The wedding was witnessed by notable poets and friends Jean Cocteau and Max Jacob, marking a significant personal moment in Picasso's life during the tumultuous period of World War I.
1919 Red Summer Race Riot of 1919: During the summer of 1919, a series of racially motivated violent conflicts erupted across multiple cities in the United States, known collectively as the 'Red Summer'. This particular riot on July 12th was part of a broader pattern of racial violence targeting African Americans, characterized by white mobs attacking Black communities in response to increased racial tensions, economic competition, and post-World War I social upheaval. These riots resulted in numerous deaths, injuries, and significant property destruction, highlighting the deep-seated racial tensions and systemic racism prevalent in early 20th-century America.
1920 Soviet-Lithuanian Peace Treaty Establishes Lithuanian Independence: On July 12, 1920, Lithuania and the Soviet Union signed a historic peace treaty that formally recognized Lithuania's independence. This diplomatic agreement marked a significant milestone in Lithuania's path to sovereignty, with Soviet Russia acknowledging the country's right to self-determination and establishing diplomatic relations.
1921 Mongolia Declares Independence from China: On July 12, 1921, Mongolia officially gained independence from China, establishing its national sovereignty and marking a significant moment in Central Asian geopolitical history. This event represented a crucial step in Mongolia's journey towards self-determination following decades of Chinese control.
1922 Birth of Mark Hatfield, Prominent Oregon Politician: Mark Hatfield was born on July 12, 1922, in Dallas, Oregon. He would go on to become a significant political figure, serving as a United States Senator from Oregon from 1967 to 1997. Known for his moderate Republican views and principled stances, Hatfield was a respected legislator who played important roles in national policy-making during the Cold War and post-Vietnam era.
1923 Baldwin's Speech on German Reparations: British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin addressed the House of Commons regarding the complex issue of German reparations following World War I. He proposed the establishment of an impartial investigative body to assess Germany's economic capacity to pay war reparations, reflecting the diplomatic tensions of the post-war era.
1924 Kleenex Trademark Application Filed: On July 12, 1924, the Kimberly-Clark Corporation submitted its original trademark application for Kleenex, a disposable facial tissue that would revolutionize personal hygiene and become a household name. This marked a significant moment in consumer product branding and personal care innovation.
1925 Roger B. Smith: Influential American Automotive Executive: Roger B. Smith was a prominent American automobile executive who played a significant role in the automotive industry during the mid-20th century. As a key leader in the automotive sector, he contributed to the strategic development and management of major automotive corporations.
1926 Death of Gertrude Bell: Gertrude Bell, a remarkable 57-year-old English archaeologist, writer, political officer, and administrator, passed away. Known as the 'Uncrowned Queen of Iraq', she was a pivotal figure in shaping British policy in the Middle East during the early 20th century. Her extensive knowledge of the region, linguistic skills, and diplomatic acumen made her an influential personality in understanding and navigating the complex geopolitical landscape of Mesopotamia.
1927 Devastating Palestine Earthquake of 1927: On July 12, 1927, a powerful earthquake struck Palestine, causing significant destruction and loss of life. The seismic event resulted in over 200 fatalities in Palestine and 8 additional deaths in neighboring Trans-Jordan. Major cities including Nablus, Ramallah, and Lydda suffered extensive damage. A remarkable geological consequence was the temporary drying up of the River Jordan, which remained dry for 21 hours, highlighting the earthquake's intense geological impact.
1928 Nobel Prize Chemist Born: Elias James Corey, a distinguished American chemist who would later become a Nobel Prize laureate, was born on this date. Corey is renowned for his groundbreaking work in organic synthesis and would make significant contributions to the field of chemistry.
1929 Death of Robert Henri, Influential American Painter: Robert Henri, a prominent American painter and influential art teacher who was a key figure in the Ashcan School movement, passed away on July 12, 1929, at the age of 64. Known for his realistic urban scenes and portraits that challenged traditional artistic conventions, Henri was a significant contributor to early 20th-century American art.
1930 Tragic Streetcar Accident in Argentina: A devastating streetcar accident near Buenos Aires resulted in the deaths of 56 people when the vehicle's operator failed to notice an open moveable bridge across the Río de la Plata. The streetcar plunged into the river, causing a massive loss of life due to operator negligence.
1931 Nazi Newspaper Temporarily Suppressed: The German government took decisive action by shutting down the Nazi newspaper *Völkischer Beobachter* for three weeks, signaling early tensions and governmental control over Nazi propaganda channels.
1932 Irish Dáil Stalls Oath of Allegiance Bill: The Irish Dáil (parliament) refused to approve amendments to a bill aimed at abolishing the Oath of Allegiance to the British monarch, effectively leaving the legislative process in a state of uncertainty.
1933 First US Federal Minimum Wage Law Established: On July 12, 1933, the United States Congress passed the first federal minimum wage law, setting the hourly wage rate at 33 cents per hour. This landmark legislation was part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal economic reforms, aimed at providing workers with a basic standard of living during the Great Depression.
1934 General Textile Strike of 1934 Begins in Alabama: Workers at the Dwight cotton textile mill in Gadsden, Etowah County, initiated a pivotal labor strike. This event was part of a broader nationwide textile workers' movement during the Great Depression, highlighting labor tensions and workers' rights struggles in the 1930s.
1935 Violent Sectarian Clashes in Belfast: A tragic day of sectarian violence erupted in Belfast, where seven individuals were killed during intense clashes between members of the Orange Order and Irish nationalists. These confrontations highlighted the deep-rooted religious and political tensions in Northern Ireland during the 1930s.
1936 Execution of February 26 Incident Leaders in Japan: In a dramatic aftermath of a failed military coup attempt, fifteen leaders involved in the February 26 Incident were executed by firing squad in Tokyo. This event represented the Japanese military's harsh suppression of an internal rebellion and solidified the imperial government's control during a period of significant political instability.
1937 Birth of Bill Cosby: William Henry Cosby Jr., a prominent American comedian, actor, producer, and author, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Known for his groundbreaking comedy and influential television series 'The Cosby Show', he became a significant cultural figure in late 20th-century entertainment. Despite his early success and widespread popularity, his later life was marked by serious legal controversies involving sexual assault allegations.
1939 Diplomatic Tension: Dino Grandi Recalled from London: In a significant diplomatic maneuver, Dino Grandi, a prominent Italian political figure, was abruptly recalled from his ambassadorial post in London. The recall was executed without formal notification to the British government, signaling growing tensions between Italy and the United Kingdom in the lead-up to World War II. This event highlighted the deteriorating diplomatic relations and the increasing political uncertainty in Europe during the late 1930s.
1940 Luftwaffe Air Raids on British Territories During World War II: During the Battle of Britain, the German Luftwaffe conducted strategic air raids targeting Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. These attacks were part of Nazi Germany's broader aerial bombardment campaign aimed at weakening British morale and military infrastructure during World War II. The raids demonstrated the extensive reach of German air power and the vulnerability of British territories to enemy bombing.
1941 Anglo-Soviet Mutual Assistance Pact Signed in Moscow: On July 12, 1941, Great Britain and the Soviet Union signed a comprehensive mutual assistance agreement in Moscow during World War II. The treaty pledged both nations to provide military and strategic support to each other and explicitly committed them to refrain from negotiating a separate peace with Nazi Germany. This diplomatic agreement was crucial in forming the Allied coalition against Axis powers.
1942 Soviet Troop Mobilization for Stalingrad Defense: Joseph Stalin strategically began moving massive numbers of troops into the Stalingrad area in preparation for the impending German offensive. Soviet military leader Semyon Timoshenko was appointed as the overall commander of the newly formed Stalingrad Front, signaling the critical importance of defending this strategic city.
1943 Battle of Prokhorovka: Massive Tank Engagement in World War II: During the Battle of Kursk, the German SS Panzer Corps, with 400 tanks, reached Prokhorovka Station. The Soviet 5th Guards Tank Army, led by P.A. Rotmistrov and equipped with 800 tanks, launched a fierce counterattack. By the end of the day, the battle resulted in the destruction of 320 German tanks and over 400 Soviet tanks, marking one of the most intense armored confrontations in military history.
1944 Theresienstadt Family Camp Atrocity: The Theresienstadt Family camp was systematically disbanded, resulting in the tragic murder of 4,000 Jewish prisoners through gas chambers.
1945 Labour Party Wins Landmark UK General Election: The United Kingdom experiences a dramatic political shift as the results of the 1945 general election are declared. Clement Attlee's Labour Party achieves a surprising and decisive victory, defeating incumbent Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the Conservative Party. This election marks a significant moment in British political history, signaling the public's desire for social reform and a new post-war direction.
1946 Vance Dinges' Unique Inside-the-Park Home Run: On July 12, 1946, Vance Dinges made baseball history by hitting the only pinch hit inside-the-park home run for the Philadelphia Phillies. This rare feat showcased Dinges' exceptional speed and batting skill, creating a memorable moment in the team's sporting record.
1948 Expulsion of Palestinians from Lod and Ramla: Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion ordered the forced displacement of Palestinian residents from the towns of Lod and Ramla during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, a controversial event that significantly impacted the demographic landscape of the region and contributed to the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
1949 Death of Douglas Hyde, First President of Ireland: Douglas Hyde, a prominent Irish scholar and the first President of Ireland, passed away at the age of 89. As a key figure in the Irish cultural revival and language preservation movement, Hyde played a significant role in Ireland's national identity.
1950 René Pleven Becomes Prime Minister of France: René Pleven was appointed as the Prime Minister of France, taking leadership during a complex post-World War II political period. His appointment was significant in the ongoing reconstruction and political stabilization of France in the early 1950s.
1951 Cicero Race Riot: Racial Discrimination in Housing: A violent mob of approximately 4,000 white residents attempted to prevent a Black family from moving into an all-white neighborhood in Cicero, Illinois, demonstrating the intense racial tensions and systemic segregation prevalent in mid-20th century America.
1952 Formation of East German Army Approved: The Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) officially decides to establish the Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR) army, a significant step in solidifying East Germany's military infrastructure during the Cold War era.
1953 Lebanese General Election Commences: The Lebanese general election began on this date, with voting continuing until August 9, 1953. This democratic process was significant in the political development of Lebanon during the mid-20th century, allowing citizens to participate in selecting their national representatives.
1954 Interstate Highway System Proposal: President Dwight D. Eisenhower proposed a comprehensive national interstate highway system, a groundbreaking infrastructure initiative that would revolutionize transportation in the United States. This plan aimed to create a network of high-speed, multi-lane highways connecting major cities and facilitating efficient interstate travel and national defense mobility.
1955 Formation of Christian Democratic Party in Argentina: The Christian Democratic Party was established in Argentina, representing a new political movement that sought to blend Christian social principles with democratic governance during a period of political transformation.
1957 Surgeon General Links Smoking to Lung Cancer: US Surgeon General Leroy Burney officially published a groundbreaking report establishing a direct scientific connection between cigarette smoking and lung cancer, marking a pivotal moment in public health awareness.
1958 Last Belgian Governor-General of Congo Appointed: Henri Cornelis was appointed as the Governor-General of the Belgian Congo, marking a significant moment in the colonial transition. As the final Belgian governor before the country's independence, his appointment symbolized the approaching end of Belgian colonial rule in Central Africa.
1959 First Live Baseball Signal Broadcast: On July 12, 1959, NBC made broadcasting history by using cameras to show catchers' signals during an American League game between the New York Yankees and the Boston Red Sox. This innovative television technique provided viewers with an unprecedented behind-the-scenes look at the strategic communication between catchers and pitchers, enhancing the audience's understanding of baseball's intricate gameplay.
1960 First Passive Communication Satellite Launch: NASA launches Echo I, the first passive communication satellite, a groundbreaking milestone in space communication technology that reflects the ongoing Space Race.
1961 Pune Dam Disaster: A catastrophic flood occurred in Pune, India, caused by the simultaneous failure of the Khadakwasla and Panshet dams. The disaster resulted in widespread destruction, submerging half the city and causing massive displacement of over 100,000 families. The tragic event led to at least 2,000 confirmed fatalities, marking it as one of the most significant urban flooding disasters in Indian history.
1962 First Multi-Spacecraft Manned Space Mission: The Soviet Union achieved a significant milestone in space exploration by simultaneously having two manned spacecraft in orbit, demonstrating advanced space navigation and coordination capabilities during the early years of the Space Race.
1963 First Gambit Military Reconnaissance Satellite Launch: The United States launched its inaugural 'Gambit' military reconnaissance satellite from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California at 1:44 p.m. This advanced satellite represented a significant milestone in Cold War-era intelligence gathering and space-based surveillance technology.
1965 First Marine Medal of Honor Recipient Killed in Vietnam: U.S. Marine Corps Lieutenant Frank Reasoner, the first Marine to be awarded the Medal of Honor for action in Vietnam, was tragically killed by enemy fire on July 11, 1965. His heroic service and ultimate sacrifice highlighted the intense and dangerous nature of the Vietnam War, marking a significant moment in U.S. military history.
1966 Chicago Race Riot: A significant racial disturbance occurred in Chicago, Illinois, reflecting the ongoing social tensions and civil rights challenges of the 1960s.
1967 Detroit Race Riot of 1967: One of the most significant and deadliest urban riots in United States history began in Detroit, Michigan. This civil disturbance would become a pivotal moment in the ongoing struggle for civil rights and racial equality in America, exposing deep-rooted social and economic disparities.
1968 Soviet Nuclear Test at Semipalatinsk: On July 12, 1968, the Soviet Union conducted a nuclear weapons test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site located in northeast Kazakhstan, continuing the ongoing nuclear arms race during the Cold War period.
1969 Tony Jacklin Wins British Open Golf Championship: On July 12, 1969, Tony Jacklin made history by winning the 98th British Golf Open at Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club. He shot an impressive total score of 280, becoming the first British golfer to win The Open Championship since 1951. Jacklin won by two strokes over Bob Charles of New Zealand, marking a significant moment in British golf history and launching his own major championship career.
1970 Thor Heyerdahl's Atlantic Crossing: Thor Heyerdahl completes his historic transatlantic voyage, docking in Barbados after a remarkable journey, highlighting human endurance and exploration.
1971 Nixon Signs Emergency Employment Act: U.S. President Richard Nixon signed the Emergency Employment Act of 1971, the first significant public employment legislation since the Great Depression, aimed at addressing unemployment and economic challenges.
1972 Soviet Venera 8 Spacecraft Lands on Venus: The Soviet spacecraft Venera 8 successfully executed a soft landing on Venus, representing a groundbreaking achievement in space exploration and planetary research. This mission significantly advanced humanity's understanding of our neighboring planet's surface conditions.
1973 1973 National Archives Fire in St. Louis: A devastating fire destroyed the entire sixth floor of the National Personnel Records Center, causing significant damage to military personnel records. Approximately 80% of Army personnel files and 75% of Air Force personnel files stored on that floor were irretrievably lost, creating a massive historical and administrative challenge for record-keeping.
1974 Conviction of John Ehrlichman in Watergate-Related Case: Former White House aide John Ehrlichman and three other defendants were convicted of conspiring to violate the civil rights of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist. This conviction was a significant development in the ongoing Watergate scandal, highlighting the legal consequences for Nixon administration officials involved in unethical and illegal activities.
1975 São Tomé and Príncipe Gains Independence from Portugal: The island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe was granted independence from Portuguese colonial rule after centuries of Portuguese administration. Manuel Pinto da Costa became the first president, with Miguel Trovoada serving as the prime minister, marking a significant moment in the country's postcolonial history.
1976 Barbara Jordan Makes Historic Political Convention Speech: Barbara Jordan becomes the first African American to deliver a keynote address at a major political party convention, marking a significant milestone in American political representation and civil rights.
1977 Space Shuttle Enterprise First Free Flight Test: NASA conducted the first free flight test of the Space Shuttle Enterprise, a critical milestone in the development of reusable spacecraft technology. This test was part of the Space Shuttle program's approach and landing tests, which validated the shuttle's ability to glide and land like an aircraft.
1978 United States Conducts Nuclear Test: On July 12, 1978, the United States conducted a nuclear test at the Nevada Test Site, continuing its Cold War-era nuclear weapons development and testing program. This underground nuclear test was part of ongoing strategic defense and technological research.
1979 Kiribati Independence: The island nation of Kiribati officially gains independence from the United Kingdom, marking a significant milestone in its political history and national sovereignty. The former British colony, previously known as the Gilbert Islands, emerges as a sovereign state.
1980 Uneventful Day in Global History: July 12, 1980, appears to be a relatively unremarkable day with no significant documented historical events. While global activities continued as normal, no major political, cultural, scientific, or social milestones were recorded for this specific date.
1981 Devastating Floods in Sichuan Province, China: A catastrophic three-day period of torrential rains struck China's Sichuan Province, causing massive flooding along the Yangtze River and its tributaries. Rainfall reached up to 18.8 inches (480 mm), dramatically raising water levels by approximately 16.5 feet (5.0 m). The initial Xinhua news agency report suggested 3,000 deaths and 100,000 injuries, but official numbers were later revised to 753 confirmed deaths, 558 missing persons, 28,140 injured, and approximately 1.5 million people displaced from their homes.
1982 Britain Returns Argentine POWs after Falklands War: In the aftermath of the Falklands War, Britain announced the repatriation of 593 Argentine prisoners of war, marking a significant diplomatic gesture towards post-conflict reconciliation.
1983 Geraldine Ferraro: Historic VP Candidacy: Congresswoman Geraldine Ferraro of New York made history by becoming the first woman nominated as a vice presidential candidate by a major political party in the United States. Her selection by Walter Mondale as the Democratic Party's vice presidential nominee was a landmark moment for women's representation in American politics.
1984 Geraldine Ferraro Becomes First Female Major-Party VP Candidate: On July 12, 1984, Geraldine Ferraro made history by becoming the first woman nominated as a vice-presidential candidate by a major U.S. political party. Her selection by Walter Mondale on the Democratic ticket represented a significant milestone for women in American politics.
1985 Ronald Reagan's Colon Cancer Discovery: Doctors discovered a cancerous growth in President Ronald Reagan's colon, marking a significant health event during his presidency. This discovery would lead to surgical intervention and raised public awareness about colon cancer screening.
1986 NYPD Officer Steven McDonald Shot and Paralyzed: On July 12, 1986, Steven McDonald, a New York City Police Department patrolman, was critically wounded in the line of duty when Shavod Jones shot him, leaving him permanently paralyzed. This tragic incident highlighted the dangers faced by law enforcement officers and became a powerful story of forgiveness and resilience, as McDonald later became an advocate for peace and reconciliation.
1987 White South Africans Meet ANC Representatives: In a groundbreaking meeting, 50 white South Africans engage in discussions with representatives from the African National Congress (ANC) in Dakar, Senegal. This meeting represents an important step towards dialogue and potential reconciliation during the apartheid era.
1988 Germany Reunification Treaty Signed: The Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany was signed, a pivotal diplomatic agreement that laid the groundwork for German reunification. This historic document addressed key geopolitical issues following the Cold War and set the stage for Germany's reunification later that year.
1989 Political Shift in Ireland: Haughey Returns to Power: In the Republic of Ireland, Charles Haughey of Fianna Fáil returns to power by forming a coalition government with the Progressive Democrats, marking a significant moment in Irish political landscape of the late 1980s.
1990 Boris Yeltsin Quits Soviet Communist Party: On July 12, 1990, Boris Yeltsin dramatically resigned from the Soviet Communist Party, marking a significant moment in the political transformation of the Soviet Union and signaling his growing opposition to the communist regime.
1991 Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 Tragedy: A devastating aviation disaster occurred when Nigeria Airways Flight 2120, a Douglas DC-8 operated by Canadian airline Nolisair, caught fire and crashed shortly after takeoff from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The catastrophic incident resulted in the loss of all 261 passengers and crew members, marking one of the deadliest aviation accidents of the year.
1992 DUPE: Axl Rose Riot Arrest: Guns N' Roses lead singer Axl Rose was arrested on riot charges following a controversial concert in St. Louis on July 2, 1991. The incident highlighted tensions between the band and local authorities during their tumultuous performance tour.
1993 Hokkaido Tsunami Disaster: A catastrophic magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck off the coast of Hokkaido, Japan, triggering a devastating tsunami with waves reaching up to 30 meters in height. The tsunami devastated the small island of Okushiri, resulting in 202 fatalities and causing extensive destruction to coastal infrastructure and communities.
1994 Germany Allows International Military Deployments: Germany's Constitutional Court lifted the historical ban on sending troops outside the country, enabling German forces to participate in United Nations and NATO peacekeeping missions, marking a significant shift in post-war military policy.
1995 1995 Midwest Heat Wave Disaster: A catastrophic heat wave struck the Midwestern United States, causing significant loss of life and infrastructure strain. The most severe impact was in the Chicago metropolitan area, where 583 people died due to extreme temperatures. The heat wave lasted four days, with temperatures reaching 104°F and heat indexes peaking at 125°F. Overnight temperatures remained in the upper 70s to low 80s, creating dangerous sustained heat conditions. The event led to record electricity and water usage, resulting in periodic utility outages.
1996 Michael Jordan's NBA Contract: Michael Jordan signed a one-year NBA contract worth $25 million, further solidifying his status as the highest-paid athlete of his time and demonstrating his immense value to professional basketball.
1997 Birth of Malala Yousafzai: Nobel Peace Prize laureate and global education activist Malala Yousafzai was born in Mingora, located in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, marking the beginning of a life dedicated to human rights and education advocacy.
1998 Burial of Nicholas II and Family: In Saint Petersburg, Russia, Nicholas II and his family were finally laid to rest in St. Catherine Chapel, 80 years after their execution by Bolsheviks. This somber event marked a significant moment of historical reconciliation and closure for the last Russian imperial family.
1999 Bill Owen, English Actor, Dies: Bill Owen, a renowned English actor known for his memorable roles in British television and film, passed away on this date. Born in 1914, Owen had a distinguished career spanning several decades and was particularly famous for his work in comedy series and character roles.
2001 Space Shuttle Mission STS-104 Launches: NASA successfully launched Space Shuttle mission STS-104, which delivered the Joint Airlock module to the International Space Station. This mission was crucial for expanding the station's capabilities and supporting ongoing space research and exploration.
2002 Ontario Legalizes Same-Sex Marriage: In a landmark civil rights decision, the Superior Court of Ontario ruled to legally recognize same-sex marriages, marking a significant milestone in LGBTQ+ rights and equality in Canada.
2003 CIA Director Acknowledges Flawed Iraq Uranium Claims: George Tenet, Director of the CIA, publicly acknowledged that President George W. Bush's January speech contained incorrect intelligence regarding Iraq's alleged uranium procurement plans from Africa, marking a significant admission about pre-Iraq War intelligence.
2004 Homeland Security Considers Election Delay Logistics: The United States Department of Homeland Security requested the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel to investigate potential legal mechanisms for delaying the November elections due to terrorism concerns, highlighting post-9/11 security anxieties.
2005 London Bombings Suspects Identified: London police have identified four suspects in the July 7, 2005 London bombings. All are British citizens, apparently from Leeds in West Yorkshire. At least one suspect is believed to have been killed in the blasts. Forensic raids uncovered explosive materials and critical evidence.
2006 2006 Lebanon War Begins: The 2006 Lebanon War officially commences, marking a significant escalation of conflict between Israel and Hezbollah in southern Lebanon. The war erupts after Hezbollah militants cross the Israeli border, killing and kidnapping Israeli soldiers, triggering a massive military response.
2007 House Votes to Withdraw Troops from Iraq: The United States House of Representatives votes 223-201 in favor of withdrawing troops from Iraq, with President George W. Bush threatening to veto the bill, highlighting the intense political debate surrounding the Iraq War.
2008 North Korean Nuclear Disarmament Negotiations: International negotiators reached a landmark agreement where North Korea would allow inspectors to verify its nuclear facilities in exchange for financial and energy assistance, representing a potential breakthrough in nuclear non-proliferation efforts.
2009 CIA Intelligence Program Controversy: Former Vice President Dick Cheney was accused by CIA Director Leon Panetta of deliberately concealing an intelligence program from the United States Congress, raising significant questions about executive oversight and transparency in national security operations.
2010 ICC Charges Sudanese President with Genocide: The International Criminal Court formally charges Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir with three counts of genocide related to the Darfur conflict, marking a significant moment in international criminal justice.
2011 Arab Spring Protests Continue: The Arab Spring, a series of pro-democracy uprisings across the Middle East and North Africa, continues to unfold with ongoing demonstrations and political transformations.
2012 Penn State Sex Abuse Scandal Report: Former FBI Director Louis Freeh released a report alleging that Joe Paterno and other Penn State officials covered up child sexual abuse by Jerry Sandusky, revealing a systemic failure to protect children.
2013 Malala Yousafzai at UN Headquarters: Malala Yousafzai, the young Pakistani education activist, visited the UN Headquarters in New York City on her 16th birthday, delivering a powerful address advocating for education rights.
2014 Violent Day in Iraq: Multiple Attacks in Baghdad and Kirkuk: A series of violent incidents occurred in Iraq, including a gunmen attack in East Baghdad that killed 29 people, with 20 of the victims being women, and twin bombings in Kirkuk that claimed at least 28 lives, reflecting the ongoing instability in the region.
2015 Colombia Peace Process: The Colombian government and FARC rebels announced their intention to reach a ceasefire, marking a significant step towards potentially ending the 50-year-long armed conflict.
2016 South China Sea Arbitration Ruling: The arbitral tribunal adjudicating the Philippines' case against China in the South China Sea ruled overwhelmingly in favor of the Philippines, determining that major elements of China's claim—including its nine-dash line, recent land reclamation activities, and other activities in Philippine waters—were unlawful.
2017 Nobel Peace Laureate Liu Xiaobo has been held in China since he organized the pro-democracy manifesto “Charter 08”. He is now suffering from advanced stage liver cancer that is getting worse. Both Liu's Chinese hospital and the foreign doctors who treated him at the weekend disagreed on his future treatment. Germany, the United States and the UK have all requested that Liu is allowed to choose the hospital where he wants to be treated.
2018 Argentina Seeks Arrest of Iranian Official: Argentina formally requested Russia's assistance in arresting Ali Akbar Velayati, a former Iranian foreign minister and Ali Khamenei's adviser, in connection with the 1994 Jewish centre bombing.
2019 U.S. Labor Secretary Alexander Acosta Resigns: U.S. Secretary of Labor Alexander Acosta resigned amid intense public scrutiny over his controversial 2008 plea deal with Jeffrey Epstein, who was later arrested on charges of sex trafficking minors. Patrick Pizzella was appointed as Acting Secretary of Labor, effective July 19.
2020 United States Hits Grim COVID-19 Milestone with 60,000 Daily Cases: The United States experienced a critical phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, recording over 60,000 new coronavirus infections for the third consecutive day. Five states—California, Florida, Texas, Arizona, and Georgia—emerged as pandemic hotspots, collectively representing approximately 85 percent of the nation's daily new cases. This surge highlighted the severe challenges in controlling the virus's spread across the country.
2021 U.S. Afghanistan Commander Steps Down: The top U.S. military commander in Afghanistan announced plans to step down, signaling a significant transition in the ongoing military withdrawal and marking a pivotal moment in the two-decade-long conflict.
2022 NASA's James Webb Space Telescope Captures Groundbreaking First Images: NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) released its inaugural full-color images, marking a transformative moment in astronomical observation. The spectacular 'Cosmic Cliffs' image, captured from the NGC 3324 star-forming region within the Carina Nebula, revealed unprecedented details of cosmic landscape and stellar birth processes. These initial images signaled the beginning of a new scientific era, demonstrating the telescope's extraordinary capabilities in capturing deep space phenomena with remarkable clarity and precision.
2023 NATO Summit in Vilnius: Ukraine Membership Progress: NATO held its summit in Vilnius, Lithuania, where members backed Ukraine's potential membership. The alliance agreed to Ukraine's eventual membership 'when allies agree and conditions are met', and Turkey also agreed to Sweden's NATO membership.

What Is special about July 12?

July 12 is notable for a variety of important historical, cultural, and significant events, including famous birthdays and deaths, holidays and more. Find out everything about July 12.