Historical Events on November 14: Significant Moments in History

Throughout history, certain dates stand out for the remarkable events that unfolded on them. From turning points in politics to cultural breakthroughs, these days often carry significance that echoes through time. Explore the most important events that occurred on November 14, revealing the lasting impact they've had on the world.

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Events on November 14 - Key Moments Throughout History

  • 1900 Baseball League Schism: National League vs American League: In a dramatic shift in professional baseball, approximately 100 players from the National League (NL) defected to the newly formed American League (AL), marking the beginning of a significant rivalry and structural transformation in the sport. Notable star players like Cy Young, one of the most legendary pitchers in baseball history, and Nap Lajoie, a renowned second baseman, were among those who made the leap. The NL responded by declaring the AL an 'outlaw league', escalating tensions between the two professional baseball circuits and setting the stage for what would become a pivotal moment in American sports history.
  • 1901 Ekman's Mathematical Explanation of Ocean Flow: Swedish oceanographer Vagn Walfrid Ekman made a groundbreaking contribution to oceanography by mathematically explaining the complex dynamics of ocean currents. In a detailed letter to renowned explorer Fridtjof Nansen, Ekman first demonstrated the mathematical model now known as the Ekman spiral. This innovative theory explains how wind conditions, prevailing ocean currents, and the Coriolis effect—resulting from Earth's rotation—interact to determine the direction and movement of ocean flows. His work significantly advanced understanding of global ocean circulation patterns and marine dynamics.
  • 1902 Anthracite Coal Strike Commission Begins Hearings: The newly formed Anthracite Coal Strike Commission commenced its investigation by taking witness testimony in Scranton, Pennsylvania. This commission was uniquely established through a collaborative agreement between labor and management representatives, signaling an innovative approach to resolving industrial disputes during the early 20th century. The hearings aimed to address the complex labor tensions in the coal mining industry and seek a peaceful resolution to ongoing conflicts.
  • 1903 Moro Uprising: Attack on U.S. Soldiers in the Philippines: In the early morning hours of November 14, 1903, a group of Moro warriors launched a surprise attack against United States Army soldiers from the 28th Infantry Regiment. The incident occurred near a river in the Philippine archipelago, resulting in the death of four American soldiers who were guarding a boat at approximately 1:00 AM. This event was part of the broader Moro Rebellion, a prolonged conflict between indigenous Moro people and American colonial forces following the Spanish-American War and the subsequent U.S. occupation of the Philippines.
  • 1905 Formation of Rolland-Pilain Automobile Company: On November 14, 1905, François Rolland and Émile Pilain established the Rolland-Pilain automobile manufacturing company in Tours, France. This automotive enterprise was part of the burgeoning early 20th-century French automotive industry, which was experiencing significant technological innovation and entrepreneurial spirit during the pioneering era of automobile production.
  • 1906 Theodore Roosevelt's Historic Panama Canal Visit: On November 14, 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt became the first sitting U.S. President to visit a foreign country, traveling to Panama to inspect the progress of the Panama Canal construction. This groundbreaking diplomatic journey symbolized the United States' growing global influence and personal commitment to the significant engineering project that would revolutionize international maritime trade.
  • 1907 Birth of William Steig, Renowned Cartoonist and Children's Author: William Steig was born on November 14, 1907, in Brooklyn, New York. He became a celebrated American cartoonist, illustrator, and children's book author, known for his distinctive artistic style and imaginative storytelling. Steig's work significantly influenced children's literature, including the famous book 'Shrek!', which later inspired the popular animated film franchise.
  • 1908 Einstein Presents Quantum Theory of Light: Albert Einstein presented his groundbreaking quantum theory of light, a pivotal moment in understanding the wave-particle duality of electromagnetic radiation. This theory proposed that light consists of discrete quantum particles (later called photons), challenging classical physics and laying the foundation for quantum mechanics.
  • 1909 Assassination of Buenos Aires Police Chief Ramón Lorenzo Falcón: On November 14, 1909, Buenos Aires Police Chief Ramón Lorenzo Falcón was assassinated by Simon Radowitzky, a Russian Jewish anarchist. This politically charged event triggered significant social unrest and led to a violent backlash against immigrants, Jewish communities, and labor organizers, marking the beginning of what historians describe as the first of the 'Buenos Aires Pogroms'. The assassination highlighted the intense social tensions and political conflicts in early 20th-century Argentina.
  • 1910 First Airplane Takeoff from a Naval Vessel: On November 14, 1910, pioneering aviator Eugene Ely made history by performing the first successful airplane takeoff from a ship's deck. Using a Curtiss pusher aircraft, Ely launched from a specially constructed wooden platform on the USS Birmingham in Hampton Roads, Virginia. This groundbreaking event marked a significant milestone in naval aviation and demonstrated the potential of aircraft in maritime operations.
  • 1911 First Naval Aircraft Takeoff from Ship: Aviation pioneer Eugene Ely made history by performing the first successful takeoff from a ship's deck in Hampton Roads, Virginia. Using a Curtiss pusher aircraft, Ely launched from a makeshift platform on the light cruiser USS Birmingham, marking a pivotal moment in naval aviation and demonstrating the potential of aircraft in maritime operations.
  • 1912 Barbara Hutton: Woolworth Heiress Born: Barbara Hutton was born on November 14, 1912, as the granddaughter of Frank Winfield Woolworth, founder of the iconic Woolworth's retail chain. She would become known as one of the most famous and wealthy socialites of the 20th century, inheriting a massive fortune at a young age. Despite her immense wealth, Hutton's life was marked by personal struggles, multiple marriages, and significant philanthropic efforts. She passed away in 1979, leaving behind a complex legacy of privilege, glamour, and personal challenges.
  • 1913 Publication of Swann's Way by Marcel Proust: Marcel Proust published the first volume of his monumental novel 'In Search of Lost Time', titled 'Swann's Way'. This groundbreaking work, spanning 3,200 pages, would become a landmark in modernist literature, revolutionizing narrative techniques and exploring complex themes of memory, time, and human experience.
  • 1914 Death of Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar: Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, a prominent Malayali journalist and short story writer who significantly contributed to Malayalam literature, passed away. Born in 1861, Nayanar was an influential literary figure in Kerala during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
  • 1915 Masaryk's Call for Czechoslovak Independence: Thomas Masaryk, a prominent Czech politician and future first president of Czechoslovakia, publicly demanded independence for Czechoslovakia from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, a pivotal moment in the national liberation movement during World War I.
  • 1916 9th Battle of Isonzo Concludes: The 9th Battle of Isonzo, a significant engagement during World War I between Italian and Austro-Hungarian forces, concluded on November 14, 1916. This battle was part of a series of twelve battles fought along the Isonzo River, characterized by intense combat and high casualties. Like previous encounters, this battle resulted in minimal territorial gains despite significant military efforts.
  • 1917 Battle of Ayun Kara: ANZAC Mounted Division's Engagement: On November 14, 1917, during World War I, the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) Mounted Division participated in the Battle of Ayun Kara, a significant military engagement in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign. This battle was part of the broader British effort to push Ottoman forces out of the region and secure strategic control of the Middle Eastern theater. The ANZAC cavalry units demonstrated remarkable mobility and tactical skill, contributing to the Allied forces' eventual success in the campaign.
  • 1918 Establishment of Czechoslovakia: The Republic of Czechoslovakia was officially established with Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk as its first President, marking a significant moment in Central European history following the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I.
  • 1919 Red Army Captures Omsk During Russian Civil War: The Bolshevik Red Army successfully captured the city of Omsk in Siberia, marking a significant strategic victory during the Russian Civil War. This event represented a crucial moment in the conflict between the Red Army and the White Russian forces, shifting the balance of power in the region.
  • 1920 Greek Parliamentary Elections: Greece held parliamentary elections to determine the composition of its 370-seat National Assembly. These elections were a critical moment in the country's democratic process, reflecting the political landscape and public sentiment in the early years following World War I.
  • 1921 Communist Party of Spain Established: The Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España) was officially founded, marking a significant moment in the country's political landscape. This event represented the formal organization of communist political ideology in Spain during the early 20th century.
  • 1922 BBC Launches First Radio Service in the United Kingdom: The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) officially commenced its pioneering radio service from Marconi House in London, marking a significant milestone in mass media communication. Broadcasting from station 2LO, this event represented the birth of public radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom, which would revolutionize information dissemination and entertainment.
  • 1923 First Recorded Summit of Mount Iizuna by Kentaro Suzuki: On November 14, 1923, Japanese mountaineer Kentaro Suzuki successfully completed a historic ascent of Mount Iizuna, a significant peak located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. This climb represents an important moment in early 20th-century Japanese mountaineering, demonstrating the growing interest in alpine exploration during the Taisho period.
  • 1924 Leonid Kogan: Renowned Soviet Violinist: Leonid Kogan was a prominent Soviet violinist born in Dnepropetrovsk, Russia. He was a celebrated musician who later received the prestigious Lenin Prize in 1952, recognizing his exceptional contributions to classical music during the Soviet era.
  • 1925 First Surrealist Art Exhibition Opens in Paris: A groundbreaking Surrealist art exhibition debuts in Paris, marking a pivotal moment in the development of this revolutionary artistic movement that would profoundly influence 20th-century art and culture.
  • 1926 Birth of Leonie Rysanek, Renowned Opera Soprano: Leonie Rysanek was born, a dramatic soprano who would become a celebrated performer at the Vienna and Munich State Operas between 1952 and 1954. Known for her powerful vocal range and dramatic interpretations, Rysanek would become one of the most distinguished opera singers of the mid-20th century.
  • 1927 The Pittsburgh Gasometer Explosion: Three ''Equitable Gas'' storage tanks in the North Side of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania explode, killing 26 people and causing damage estimated between $4.0 million and $5.0 million.
  • 1928 Shinwari Tribe Revolt in Afghanistan: The Shinwari tribe initiated a significant uprising by besieging Jalalabad, which marked the commencement of the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929). This revolt represented a critical moment of internal conflict in Afghanistan, challenging the existing political and social structures of the time.
  • 1929 Uneventful Day in 1929: While no specific major historical events were documented for November 14, 1929, this period was during the early stages of the Great Depression, which had begun with the stock market crash on October 29, 1929 (Black Tuesday). The global economic landscape was undergoing significant transformation during this time, with widespread financial uncertainty and economic challenges affecting many countries.
  • 1930 Inauguration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines: On November 14, 1930, Manuel Luis Quezon was sworn in as the first Filipino president, marking a significant milestone in the Philippines' journey towards self-governance. This event inaugurated the Commonwealth of the Philippines, a transitional period that preceded full independence from American colonial rule. Quezon's presidency symbolized growing Filipino political autonomy and national identity during a pivotal moment in the country's history.
  • 1931 Spanish Commission Condemns Former King Alfonso XIII: A Spanish commission issued a severe condemnation of former king Alfonso XIII, finding him guilty of lèse-majesté under the Constitution of 1876. The commission recommended his disgrace, property confiscation, and threatened execution if he returned to Spain, reflecting the intense political tensions during the transition from monarchy to republic.
  • 1932 Boulder Dam Construction Milestone: A significant engineering achievement occurred during the construction of the Hoover Dam (originally called Boulder Dam), as diversion tunnels on the Arizona side of the Colorado River were successfully filled with water. This marked a critical phase in the massive infrastructure project that would help control flooding, provide hydroelectric power, and support water management in the southwestern United States.
  • 1933 First Modern Sit-Down Strike by Hormel Meat Packers: On November 13, 1933, workers at the Hormel meat packing plant in Austin, Minnesota initiated the first modern sit-down strike in American labor history. This groundbreaking labor action represented a pivotal moment in workers' rights, where employees remained inside the workplace to protest working conditions and demand better treatment. By occupying the factory, workers prevented replacement workers and drew significant public attention to their grievances, setting a precedent for future labor organizing strategies.
  • 1934 Salvador Dalí's Eccentric New York Arrival: On November 14, 1934, surrealist artist Salvador Dalí and his wife Gala arrived in New York City aboard the ocean liner SS Champlain. In a quintessentially Dalí-esque moment, he greeted the American media while dramatically holding a massive 2.5-metre long loaf of bread, intending to distribute it like Saint Francis with his birds. Ironically, none of the reporters showed interest in his theatrical bread-sharing performance, much to Dalí's disappointment.
  • 1935 First Flight of the Supermarine Spitfire: On November 14, 1935, the iconic Supermarine Spitfire made its maiden flight. This British fighter aircraft would later become legendary for its crucial role in the Battle of Britain during World War II, symbolizing British resilience and technological innovation in aerial warfare.
  • 1936 British Establish Suez Canal Zone: The British government formally established direct control over the strategically crucial Suez Canal Zone, reinforcing its imperial maritime and geopolitical interests in the Middle East.
  • 1937 Roosevelt's Unemployment Census Fireside Chat: President Franklin D. Roosevelt delivered a notable fireside radio address focusing on the unemployment census, continuing his practice of directly communicating with the American public about economic challenges during the Great Depression. This broadcast was part of his strategy to maintain public confidence and transparency about national economic conditions.
  • 1938 Lions Gate Bridge Opens in Vancouver: The Lions Gate Bridge, a significant infrastructure project, was inaugurated, connecting Vancouver to the North Shore region and dramatically improving transportation links in British Columbia. The suspension bridge, with its iconic design, would become a landmark of the city's urban landscape.
  • 1939 Polish Government Establishes Exile Headquarters in London: Following the Nazi invasion of Poland in September 1939, the Polish government officially relocated its administrative operations to London, United Kingdom. This strategic move allowed the Polish leadership to continue resistance efforts, coordinate with Allied powers, and maintain governmental continuity during World War II, symbolizing Poland's determination to resist German occupation.
  • 1940 Coventry Blitz: German Bombing of Coventry: During World War II, German Luftwaffe bombers launched a devastating aerial attack on the city of Coventry, England, causing massive destruction. The bombing raid, codenamed Operation Mondlicht Sonate (Moonlight Sonata), was one of the most significant and brutal air raids of the war, targeting the city's industrial infrastructure and historic buildings.
  • 1941 Słonim Ghetto Massacre: During World War II, German troops, collaborating with local auxiliaries, systematically murdered 9,000 Jewish residents of the Słonim Ghetto in a single, horrific day of mass killing. This event represents one of the many devastating atrocities committed during the Holocaust.
  • 1942 Vichy-French Surrender in Algeria: The last Vichy-French troops in Algeria surrendered to Allied forces, marking a significant moment in the North African campaign during World War II. This surrender represented a critical turning point in the Allied strategy to push Axis powers out of French colonial territories.
  • 1943 Leonard Bernstein's Breakthrough Performance with New York Philharmonic: Leonard Bernstein, a young and talented conductor, dramatically substituted at the last minute for the ailing principal conductor Bruno Walter during the New York Philharmonic's regular Sunday afternoon broadcast concert over CBS Radio. His exceptional performance was significant enough to receive front-page coverage in the New York Times the following day, marking a pivotal moment in his early career.
  • 1944 USS Queenfish Sinks Japanese Aircraft Carrier: The USS Queenfish conducted a devastating torpedo attack on the Japanese aircraft carrier Akitsu Maru, resulting in the loss of over 2,246 lives. This naval engagement was part of the intense Pacific Theater combat during World War II.
  • 1945 Sutan Sjahrir Appointed as First Prime Minister of Indonesia: On November 14, 1945, Sutan Sjahrir was appointed to form the first government of the newly independent Indonesia. This marked a critical moment in Indonesia's post-colonial transition, establishing leadership during the country's struggle for sovereignty after World War II.
  • 1946 US-India Air Transport Services Pact Signed: In a significant diplomatic milestone, George R. Merrell, the American embassy chargé d'affaires, and Jawaharlal Nehru, representing India's interim government, signed the Air Transport Services Pact in New Delhi. This agreement paved the way for U.S. airlines to establish global flight routes, marking an important moment in international aviation diplomacy during the post-war period.
  • 1948 Tito's Break with Stalin: In a significant geopolitical moment, Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito openly broke diplomatic relations with Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, marking a critical split in the communist world. Despite the break, Tito maintained his commitment to communist ideology while rejecting Soviet dominance.
  • 1949 Birth of Raúl di Blasio: Raúl di Blasio, a renowned Argentinian pianist, composer, and music producer, was born in Argentina on November 14, 1949. Throughout his career, di Blasio became known for his exceptional musical talents and contributions to Latin American music, particularly in the genres of instrumental and romantic music.
  • 1950 Attempted Assassination of President Truman: In a dramatic political incident, two Puerto Rican nationalists, Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo, launched a brazen assassination attempt against U.S. President Harry S. Truman at the Blair House in Washington, D.C. The failed attack highlighted the intense political tensions surrounding Puerto Rico's relationship with the United States during the mid-20th century.
  • 1951 US-Yugoslavia Military Aid Pact Signed: In a significant Cold War diplomatic move, the United States and Yugoslavia signed a military aid pact. This agreement was particularly notable as Yugoslavia, under Josip Broz Tito, had broken away from Soviet influence and maintained a unique non-aligned position, making this partnership strategically important for both nations.
  • 1952 Greek Election of General Papagos: General Alexander Papagos won the Greek national elections, representing a significant political transition in post-World War II Greece. His victory marked an important moment in the country's political landscape, with Papagos leading the Greek Rally party and bringing a military perspective to national governance.
  • 1953 Birth of Andrés Manuel López Obrador: Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who would later become the President of Mexico, was born on November 13, 1953. A prominent left-wing political figure, he would eventually lead Mexico from 2018 to 2024.
  • 1954 Ruby Bridges Integrates Louisiana Elementary School: Ruby Bridges, a courageous six-year-old African American girl, became the first black child to attend an all-white elementary school in Louisiana. Her historic walk into William Frantz Elementary School symbolized a critical moment in the American Civil Rights Movement, challenging racial segregation in education.
  • 1955 World Leaders in 1955: On November 14, 1955, the United States was led by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, a World War II hero and two-term Republican president, while the United Kingdom was governed by Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden, a key figure in post-war British politics.
  • 1956 Soviet Suppression of Hungarian Revolution: On November 14, 1956, Soviet forces effectively crushed the Hungarian uprising against Soviet control, ending weeks of resistance by Hungarian freedom fighters. This brutal military intervention solidified Soviet dominance in Eastern Europe and demonstrated the harsh realities of Cold War geopolitics.
  • 1957 Apalachin Meeting: Major Mafia Summit Raid: A significant law enforcement operation disrupted a high-level Mafia summit in rural Tioga County, New York. State and federal police raided a gathering of organized crime leaders at Joseph Barbara's house, arresting 58 prominent Mafia figures who were attempting to flee. This event exposed the extensive organized crime network and marked a pivotal moment in understanding the structure of the American Mafia.
  • 1958 Election of Spyridon Abou Rjaileh as Greek Orthodox Patriarch: On November 14, 1958, Spyridon Abou Rjaileh was elected as the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch, succeeding the previous incumbent. Also known as Metropolitan Theodosius, his election marked an important moment in the ecclesiastical leadership of the Greek Orthodox Church in the Middle Eastern region.
  • 1959 Kilauea Volcano's Spectacular Eruption: On November 14, 1959, Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii experienced one of its most dramatic eruptions. The volcanic event began at 8:08 p.m., characterized by spectacular lava fountains reaching heights of up to 300 meters (approximately 984 feet). This eruption was notable for its intensity and visual spectacle, providing geologists and volcanologists with significant data about volcanic activity in the Hawaiian Islands.
  • 1960 Ruby Bridges Integrates All-White Elementary School: Ruby Bridges becomes the first African-American child to attend an all-white elementary school in New Orleans, Louisiana, marking a pivotal moment in the Civil Rights Movement. Escorted by U.S. marshals, she courageously faced intense racial hostility and discrimination, symbolizing the struggle for educational equality.
  • 1963 Birth of Surtsey: Volcanic Island Emerges from Atlantic Ocean: On November 14, 1963, a remarkable geological event occurred off the southern coast of Iceland when a submarine volcanic eruption began, ultimately creating a brand new island named Surtsey. The volcanic activity continued until 1967, forming a pristine landmass that would become a significant site for scientific research on geological formation and ecological succession. Named after Surtr, a fire giant in Norse mythology, the island quickly became a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its unique scientific value.
  • 1964 Marvin Gaye Reaches No. 1: Motown singer-songwriter Marvin Gaye achieved a significant milestone by scoring his first U.S. No. 1 single with the hit song 'Baby Don't You Do It', marking a breakthrough in his musical career.
  • 1965 Battle of Ia Drang: First Major U.S.-North Vietnamese Clash: The Battle of Ia Drang represents a pivotal moment in the Vietnam War, where the U.S. 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) engaged North Vietnamese forces in the Ia Drang valley, resulting in significant casualties on both sides and setting the tone for future military engagements.
  • 1966 Gemini 12 Mission Concludes Successfully: NASA's Gemini 12 spacecraft, piloted by astronauts James A. Lovell and Buzz Aldrin, successfully splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean approximately 600 kilometers east of the Bahamas, completing another critical mission in the United States' space exploration program.
  • 1967 Johnson's Optimistic Vietnam War Assessment: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson delivers an optimistic speech about progress in the Vietnam War, claiming greater enemy losses and overall advancement. This assessment would be dramatically contradicted just two months later by the Tet Offensive, which would shift public perception of the conflict.
  • 1968 Yale University Goes Co-Educational: Yale University announced its groundbreaking decision to become co-educational, ending 267 years of male-only admission and paving the way for gender equality in higher education.
  • 1969 Apollo 12 Moon Mission Launch: NASA launched Apollo 12, the second manned mission to the Moon, carrying astronauts Charles Conrad Jr., Richard F. Gordon Jr., and Alan L. Bean from Kennedy Space Center at 11:22 a.m. EST. This mission was a critical milestone in the Apollo program's goal of lunar exploration.
  • 1970 Marshall University football team wiped out in air crash at Kenova West, Virginia.
  • 1971 Mariner 9 Reaches Mars Orbit: NASA's Mariner 9 spacecraft successfully became the first human-made object to orbit another planet, entering Mars' orbit after a 167-day journey through space. This historic mission marked a significant milestone in space exploration, providing unprecedented close-up views and scientific data about the Martian surface.
  • 1972 Dow Jones Closes Above 1,000 Points: A historic milestone in financial markets occurred when the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed above 1,000 points for the first time, reaching 1,003.16. This moment symbolized growing economic confidence and marked a significant threshold in stock market performance during the early 1970s.
  • 1973 Nixon's 'I Am Not a Crook' Speech: During a speech to Associated Press managing editors in Orlando, Florida, President Richard Nixon famously declares 'I am not a crook' in response to the ongoing Watergate scandal, a moment that would become emblematic of the political crisis.
  • 1975 Madrid Accords: Spain's Decolonization of Western Sahara: On November 14, 1975, Spain, Morocco, and Mauritania signed a pivotal accord regarding the future of Spanish Sahara (Western Sahara), effectively ending Spanish colonial presence in the region. This agreement marked a significant moment in the decolonization process of North Africa, transferring administrative control of the territory to Morocco and Mauritania.
  • 1976 Network Film Premiere: Sidney Lumet's critically acclaimed film 'Network', starring Faye Dunaway, Peter Finch, and William Holden, premiered simultaneously in Los Angeles and New York City. The film, a satirical commentary on television news media, would go on to become a landmark in American cinema.
  • 1977 Sadat Reaffirms Willingness to Visit Israel: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat reiterated his commitment to visiting Israel during an interview with renowned journalist Walter Cronkite, signaling continued diplomatic efforts towards peace in the Middle East. This statement was part of the ongoing diplomatic negotiations that would eventually lead to the historic Camp David Accords.
  • 1979 Iran Hostage Crisis: US Presidential Economic Sanctions: US President Jimmy Carter issued Executive Order 12170, which froze all Iranian assets in the United States as a direct response to the ongoing Iran hostage crisis. This significant economic measure was designed to exert diplomatic pressure on Iran during the tense international standoff.
  • 1980 Guinea-Bissau Political Coup: President Overthrown: Luís Cabral, the first President of Guinea-Bissau since the nation's independence in 1973, was overthrown by his Prime Minister, Major João Bernardo Vieira. Cabral and his family were vacationing on the island of Bubaque when the coup occurred, just four days after the parliament had approved a new constitution expanding presidential powers.
  • 1981 Second Space Shuttle Mission Completed: NASA's Space Shuttle Columbia successfully completed its second mission, returning to Earth and marking another milestone in the early era of reusable spacecraft technology.
  • 1982 Lech Walesa Freed from Internment: Lech Walesa, the prominent leader of Poland's Solidarity movement, was released from internment by communist authorities after being detained for eleven months near the Soviet border. This event was significant in the ongoing struggle against communist oppression in Poland during the early 1980s.
  • 1983 FDA Approves Cyclosporine: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Cyclosporine, a groundbreaking immunosuppressant drug that revolutionized organ transplantation by significantly reducing the risk of rejection and improving patient outcomes.
  • 1984 Assassination of Cesar Climaco: Cesar Climaco, the mayor of Zamboanga City and a prominent critic of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, was assassinated in his home city. Climaco, born in 1916, was known for his vocal opposition to the Marcos regime and was a significant political figure during a tumultuous period in Philippine history.
  • 1985 Nevado del Ruiz Volcanic Disaster: The Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia erupted, causing a catastrophic mudslide that devastated nearby towns, particularly Armero. The eruption triggered massive lahars (volcanic mudflows) that killed approximately 23,000 people, making it one of the deadliest volcanic disasters in the 20th century. The event highlighted the critical importance of disaster preparedness and early warning systems in volcanic regions.
  • 1986 SEC Imposes Record Penalty on Ivan Boesky: The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) imposed a record $100 million penalty against Ivan Boesky, a prominent Wall Street insider trading figure, signaling a strong stance against financial misconduct.
  • 1987 La Cage aux Folles Broadway Closing: The groundbreaking Broadway musical 'La Cage aux Folles' concluded its remarkable run at the Palace Theater in New York City after an impressive 1,761 performances. This landmark production, which premiered in 1983, was a significant milestone in LGBTQ+ representation in theater, challenging societal norms and bringing gay themes to mainstream audiences.
  • 1988 Estonia Declares Sovereignty: Estonia declared sovereignty in its internal affairs, marking a significant step in its path towards independence from the Soviet Union. This event was part of the broader Baltic states' movement for self-determination during the late 1980s, which would ultimately lead to the dissolution of the USSR.
  • 1989 Colombia Establishes Day of the Colombian Woman: The Congress of Colombia officially declared November 14 as the 'Day of the Colombian Woman' to honor Policarpa Salavarrieta, a national heroine who was executed 150 years earlier. This commemoration recognizes Salavarrieta's significant contributions to Colombia's independence movement and celebrates women's achievements in the nation's history.
  • 1990 Germany-Poland Border Agreement: Germany and Poland signed a historic agreement establishing the German-Polish border along the Oder and Neisse Rivers, resolving a long-standing territorial dispute that had persisted since World War II.
  • 1991 Michael Jackson's 'Black or White' Video Premiere: Michael Jackson's groundbreaking 'Black or White' music video premiered simultaneously on multiple networks, featuring innovative morphing visual effects and a powerful message of racial unity.
  • 1992 Vietnam Airlines Flight 474 Crash: During severe weather conditions caused by Cyclone Forrest, Vietnam Airlines Flight 474 crashed near Nha Trang, resulting in the tragic loss of 30 lives. The accident highlighted the dangerous challenges of aviation in extreme meteorological conditions.
  • 1993 Puerto Rico Rejects Statehood: In a significant political referendum, Puerto Rico voted against becoming the 51st state of the United States. This decision reflected the complex political and cultural considerations surrounding Puerto Rico's relationship with the U.S. and its ongoing status as a territory.
  • 1994 First Public Trains in Channel Tunnel: Historic moment as the first public trains begin running through the Channel Tunnel, creating a groundbreaking transportation link between England and France beneath the English Channel. This engineering marvel represents a significant milestone in European transportation infrastructure.
  • 1995 U.S. Government Shutdown Due to Budget Impasse: A significant budget standoff between Democrats and Republicans in the U.S. Congress resulted in a partial federal government shutdown. The conflict led to the temporary closure of national parks and museums, with most government offices operating with minimal staffing. This event highlighted the deep political divisions and budgetary disagreements between the two major political parties.
  • 1996 Cardinal Joseph Bernardin Passes Away: Cardinal Joseph Bernardin, the influential Archbishop of Chicago, died at 68, leaving a significant legacy in the Catholic Church and known for his advocacy of social justice.
  • 1997 Clinton Warns Iraq with Naval Deployment: President Bill Clinton escalated tensions with Iraq by dispatching the aircraft carrier George Washington and four additional naval vessels to join the Nimitz in the Persian Gulf. This strategic military positioning was a clear warning to Iraq, signaling the United States' readiness to intervene and prevent the potential development of chemical or biological weapons.
  • 1998 Carmen Electra and Dennis Rodman's Las Vegas Wedding: On November 14, 1998, model and actress Carmen Electra married professional basketball player Dennis Rodman in a spontaneous ceremony at the Little Chapel of the Flowers in Las Vegas, Nevada. The high-profile marriage was characteristic of Rodman's flamboyant public persona and the celebrity culture of the late 1990s. Their union was notably brief, with the marriage lasting only a few months before being annulled.
  • 1999 Lech Wałęsa Released from Internment: Lech Wałęsa, the prominent leader of Poland's outlawed Solidarity movement, was released after eleven months of internment near the Soviet border. His release was a significant moment in the Polish resistance against communist rule and marked a pivotal point in the country's path to democracy.
  • 2000 Israeli Military Operation in Gaza Strip: Israel initiated a major military operation in the Gaza Strip as tensions and hostilities with Hamas escalated. This military action was part of the ongoing complex geopolitical conflict in the region.
  • 2001 Bush Authorizes Military Tribunals for Terrorism Suspects: President George W. Bush signs an executive order establishing military tribunals to prosecute foreign nationals suspected of involvement in terrorist activities or planning attacks against the United States, a controversial legal measure in response to the 9/11 attacks.
  • 2002 House Rejects 9/11 Commission: On November 14, 2002, the U.S. House of Representatives voted against creating an independent commission to investigate the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. This decision was controversial, as many believed a comprehensive, impartial investigation was crucial for understanding the events leading to the attacks.
  • 2003 Iraq War Casualties and Media Restrictions: Two US soldiers are killed in an attack near Samarra, while seven Iraqis are killed by US forces. Simultaneously, the Pentagon bans cameras from Arlington National Cemetery funerals, and Dover Air Force Base continues to restrict media coverage of returning military casualties, raising questions about transparency during the Iraq War.
  • 2004 Iran Agrees to Reduce Uranium Enrichment: Iran committed to reducing most of its uranium enrichment activities in collaboration with three European countries: France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, signaling potential diplomatic progress.
  • 2005 Earthquake and Tsunami off Honshu, Japan: A significant 7.0 magnitude earthquake occurred at 2138 UTC on November 14, 2005, off the east coast of Honshu, Japan. The earthquake generated a tsunami with a maximum wave height of approximately 32 cm, observed at various locations including Ofunato.
  • 2006 Mass Kidnapping in Baghdad: In a disturbing security incident, up to 100 individuals were kidnapped by gunmen disguised in Iraqi police uniforms from a Higher Education Ministry building in Baghdad, highlighting the ongoing instability in the region.
  • 2007 French Union Strikes Against Pension Reform: Nationwide strikes begin in France with railway, bus, and metro workers protesting President Nicolas Sarkozy's proposed reforms to public-sector pension systems, marking a significant labor movement challenging government policy.
  • 2008 First G-20 Economic Summit in Washington, D.C.: The first G-20 economic summit opened in Washington, D.C., bringing together leaders from 20 major economies to discuss the global financial crisis, establish policies for economic stability, and promote global growth.
  • 2009 Peshawar Bombing: A bomb explosion in Peshawar, Pakistan, killed at least 11 people and injured 24 others, underscoring ongoing security challenges in the region.
  • 2010 2010 Haiti Cholera Outbreak: A severe cholera epidemic spreads through Haiti, causing significant health crisis and humanitarian concern. The death toll reaches 917, prompting international aid efforts.
  • 2011 Anders Breivik Terrorism Trial: Anders Breivik, responsible for the devastating 2011 Norway attacks, is standing trial in Norway for his terrorist acts.
  • 2012 Savita Halappanavar Death Sparks Abortion Rights Debate: A tragic incident at University College Hospital Galway highlighted Ireland's restrictive abortion laws, where a pregnant woman died from septicaemia after being denied an abortion, sparking international outrage and protests about reproductive rights.
  • 2013 Sachin Tendulkar's Final Cricket Match: Cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar, the greatest run-scorer in the sport's history, began his 200th and final match in Mumbai, marking the end of an illustrious career.
  • 2014 UN Criticizes US Police Excessive Force: A United Nations panel publicly criticized excessive police force in the United States, specifically referencing testimony about the fatal shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, highlighting ongoing racial tensions and law enforcement challenges.
  • 2015 Paris Terror Attacks: On November 14, 2015, the devastating terrorist attacks in Paris resulted in 129 confirmed fatalities. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) claimed responsibility for these coordinated assaults, which shocked the world and prompted significant international response.
  • 2016 Post-Election Protests in the United States: Widespread protests erupted across the United States following the 2016 presidential election, with 10,000 people marching in New York City and plans for additional demonstrations, including the upcoming Women's March on Washington.
  • 2017 2017 Zimbabwean Coup d'État: General Constantino Chiwenga intervened to halt a potential internal purge within ZANUPF, Zimbabwe's ruling political party. Military vehicles and soldiers were observed directing traffic in Harare, signaling a significant political upheaval. The general faced accusations of treason from within the party.
  • 2018 California Camp Fire Tragedy: The devastating Camp Fire in California claimed 56 lives, with the statewide total reaching 59 fatalities. Authorities released names of 130 missing persons, many elderly, raising concerns about potential additional undiscovered casualties.
  • 2019 Bolivian Political Unrest: Tensions escalated in Bolivia as police used tear gas to disperse a peaceful pro-Morales counter-protest in La Paz. The authorities blocked approximately a dozen pro-Morales senators from entering the national legislature, prompting demonstrators to cry 'dictatorship' and engage in confrontational protests by throwing stones at police.
  • 2020 Pfizer and BioNTech Announce COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough: Pharmaceutical companies Pfizer and BioNTech announced a groundbreaking COVID-19 vaccine with an impressive 90% efficacy rate, offering hope in the global fight against the pandemic.
  • 2021 Global COVID-19 Vaccine and Pandemic Response Developments: Several countries took significant steps in COVID-19 management. Austria announced a nationwide lockdown for unvaccinated individuals over 12 years old. Egypt initiated clinical trials for COVI-VAX, its first domestically developed COVID-19 vaccine. Israel's Health Ministry approved the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 5 to 11, expanding vaccination efforts.
  • 2022 Ethiopia and Tigray Officials Sign Peace Agreement: Ethiopia's government and Tigrayan officials signed a landmark peace agreement, enabling immediate humanitarian access and marking a potential turning point in the long-standing regional conflict.
  • 2023 Crisis at Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City: Israeli military tanks surrounded Gaza's largest hospital, creating a dire humanitarian crisis. The Hamas-run health ministry reported 32 patients, including three newborn babies, have died in the past three days due to escalating conflict and critical medical shortages. Medical staff warn of catastrophic conditions, with no fuel for generators threatening the lives of premature infants and kidney patients. Israel claims Hamas is using hospital bunkers as a command center, which Hamas denies.

What Is special about November 14?

November 14 is notable for a variety of important historical, cultural, and significant events, including famous birthdays and deaths, holidays and more. Find out everything about November 14.